中国空间科学技术

›› 2019, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (3): 9-.doi: 10.16708/j.cnki.1000-758X.2019.0015

• 研究探讨 • 上一篇    下一篇

天基空间碎片光学探测影响因素分析及仿真

 邢必达, 忻恬, 郑昌文   

  1. 1.中国科学院软件研究所，北京100190
    2.北京电子工程总体研究所，北京100854
  • 收稿日期:2018-12-03 修回日期:2019-01-15 出版日期:2019-06-25 发布日期:2019-04-22

Analysis and simulation of influence factors of spacebased optical space debris detection

 XING  Bi-Da, XIN  Tian, ZHENG  Chang-Wen   

  1. 1.Institute of Software，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Beijing 100190，China
    2.Beijing Institute of Electronic System Engineering，Beijing 100854，China
  • Received:2018-12-03 Revised:2019-01-15 Published:2019-06-25 Online:2019-04-22

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摘要： 光学手段在天基空间碎片探测中被广泛应用，但容易受到杂光等因素影响。结合在轨试验数据，从探测器和碎片两方面分析了影响天基空间碎片光学探测的因素。影响探测器探测效果的因素包括太阳光、月光、地气光、大气辉光等杂光及南大西洋异常区辐射等；影响碎片可见性的因素包括地球遮挡、地影及反射的太阳光等。分别给出了上述影响因素涉及的特征量及规避影响的计算方法。基于某天基探测设备的仿真结果表明，上述影响在自然交会及姿态机动模式下均可能发生，在试验设计时需被充分考虑。最后，针对某天基空间碎片探测任务进行了规划。文章对天基光学探测试验设计具有一定的指导意义。

关键词: 天基, 空间碎片, 光学探测, 杂光, SAA, 地影, 试验设计

Abstract: Optical methods are widely used in spacebased space debris detection, but they are vulnerable to stray light and other factors The factors which affect spacebased optical space debris detection are analyzed from the two aspects of detectors and debris based on the experimental data The factors affecting the detection effect include stray light such as sunlight, moonlight, earthatmosphere light and airglow, as well as radiation in South Atlantic Anomaly region The factors affecting the visibility of debris include earth occlusion, earth shadow and reflected sunlight At the same time, the characteristic quantities involved in the above factors and the calculation methods to avoid the effects are put forward The simulation results of a spacebased detection equipment show that the above effects may occur in both normal rendezvous and attitude maneuver modes, so that they should be fully considered in the experiment design Finally, a spacebased space debris detection mission is planned The article has certain guiding significance for the experiment design of spacebased optical detection.

Key words: spacebased, space debris, optical detection, stray light, SAA, earth shadow, experiment design