中国空间科学技术

中国空间科学技术 ›› 2019, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (6): 62-.doi: 10.16708/j.cnki.1000-758X.2019.0051

• 技术交流 • 上一篇    下一篇

锥形物体对月壤冲击过程的试验及离散元分析

梁绍敏, 王永滨, 王立武, 武士轻, 刘欢, 季顺迎   

  1. 1大连理工大学工业装备结构分析国家重点实验室，大连116024
    2北京空间机电研究所，北京100094
  • 出版日期:2019-12-25 发布日期:2019-12-06

Physical experiment and discrete analysis of impact between conical object and simulated lunar soil

LIANG Shaomin, WANG Yongbin, WANG Liwu, WU Shiqing, LIU Huan, JI Shunying   

  1. 1State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis of Industrial Equipment, Dalian University of Technology,
    Dalian 116024, China
    2Beijing Institute of Space Mechanics & Electricity, Beijing 100094, China
  • Published:2019-12-25 Online:2019-12-06

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摘要： 月球探测器着陆过程中着陆器足垫首先与月壤接触，因此，足垫的动力响应直接关系到探测设备的安全着陆及后续工作的实施。采用试验和离散元数值模拟的方法，以锥形物体代替实际足垫，对冲击模拟月壤过程中锥形物体的锥角和冲击速度及质量的影响进行详细研究。离散元模拟获得的结果与试验结果一致。研究结果表明，冲击速度和质量决定了锥形物体与模拟月壤颗粒之间的动量转移，对冲击过程有很大的影响；当采用不同锥角的锥形物体冲击时，由于锥形物体与颗粒介质接触面积的影响，随着锥角的增大其冲击深度和冲击时间均减小，而锥形物体受到的冲击力峰值逐渐增大。此外，对冲击过程中颗粒的速度矢量进行讨论，从细观角度对颗粒介质在冲击载荷作用下的动力特性及颗粒间的相互作用进行探讨。以上结果对航天着陆器的着陆过程的研究提供了理论依据，并且对利用特种设备在月球表面进行贯入探测具有一定的参考价值。

关键词: 模拟月壤, 冲击过程, 锥形物体, 速度矢量, 离散元方法

Abstract: During the lunar probe landing, the lander cushion firstly comes into contact with lunar soil. Therefore, the dynamic characteristics of the cushion are directly related to the safe landing of the detection equipment and the implementation of the subsequent operation. Considering the advantages and disadvantages of cushion shape for the study of landing process, a conical object to replace the actual cushion was chosen. The methods of experiment and discrete element numerical simulation were used. The effects of conical angle and impact energy of conical object during the impact process were studied by simulating the impact of conical object on lunar soil. The results obtained by discrete element simulation are consistent with the experiment. The results show that the impact energy is a major factor in the impact process. When conical objects with different conical angles are used, the impact depth and impact duration decrease with the increase of the conical angle, while the impact force peak gradually increase. In addition, the velocity vector of granular in the impact process was discussed, and the physical properties of granular medium under impact load were discussed from a microscopic perspective. Reference and factual basis are provided for the design of space lander. The above results also have certain reference value for the penetration detection of the lunar surface by special equipment.

Key words: simulated lunar soil, impact process, conical objects, velocity vector, discrete element method