中国空间科学技术

中国空间科学技术 ›› 2020, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (5): 82-90.doi: 10.16708/j.cnki.1000-758X.2020.0061

• 研究探讨 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于低轨稀疏星座的蓝绿激光对潜定位研究

徐伟证，康国华，刘佳露，张雷，刘宗强   

  1. 1.南京航空航天大学航天学院，南京210016
    2.西安卫星测控中心，西安710043
  • 出版日期:2020-10-25 发布日期:2020-09-30
  • 基金资助:
    上海航天科技创新基金（SAST2018-047）；空间智能控制技术重点实验室开放基金（KGJZDSYS-2018-07）

Research on submarine positioning based on low earth orbit sparse constellation with blue-green laser

XU Weizheng，KANG Guohua，LIU Jialu，ZHANG Lei，LIU Zongqiang   

  1. 1．School of Astronautics, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics， Nanjing 210016, China
    2.  Xi′an Satellite Control Center， Xi′an 710043， China
  • Published:2020-10-25 Online:2020-09-30

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摘要： 潜艇只在必要时刻才浮出水面，对实时通信和导航定位造成极大制约。蓝绿激光具有深水穿透性高、衰减系数低等优势，已在机载和星载平台对潜艇通信中得到验证。借鉴GNSS导航信号产生原理，结合蓝绿激光通信测距一体化与低轨卫星自身精密定轨，提出了基于蓝绿激光通信的低轨卫星对潜定位算法。通过在激光通信中增加载波相位调制，实现潜艇激光接收器的伪距测量，联合其高程测量信息实现水下定位。以一带一路海域，特别是中国南海区域为服务对象，优化星座参数设计了3颗卫星组成的低轨稀疏星座。潜艇在星座覆盖区域内保持静态，间隔1~3min完成至少两次通信测距和导航电文接收，联合两组观测数据、精密星历及高程测量信息进行定位解算。仿真结果显示，在卫星过境期间，考虑卫星定轨精度，激光在空气、水下传播误差等因素，潜艇可在水下实现X、Z方向定位误差优于100m，Y方向误差约100~150m的高精度定位，对提升潜艇的战场作战能力具有意义。

关键词: 低轨卫星, 稀疏星座, 蓝绿激光, 通信测距, 潜艇定位

Abstract: Submarines only surface when necessary, which greatly restricts realtime communication and positioning. The blue-green laser has advantages of high penetration in deep-water and a low attenuation coefficient, which has been verified in airborne and space-borne communication with submarines. Considering the principle of GNSS signal generation, combining the integration of the blue-green laser communication ranging with the precise orbit determination of the LEO satellite, a submarine positioning algorithm based on blue-green laser was proposed. By integrating carrier phase modulation into laser communication, pseudorange measurement of the submarine was achieved, and combined with its elevation measurement, underwater positioning was realized. For the service of the Belt and Road area, especially the South China Sea region, the constellation parameters were optimized, and a sparse constellation composed of three LEO satellites was designed. The submarine remained stable within the coverage area of the constellation. It completed communication ranging and navigation message reception at least twice with the interval of 1 to 3 minutes, and performed positioning calculation with two sets of observation data, precise ephemeris and elevation measurement. Considering the accuracy of satellite orbit determination, the laser propagation error in atmosphere and seawater, simulation shows that the positioning error in X and Z direction is less than 100m, and the error in Y direction is about 100 to 150 meters, which will help improve combat capability for submarines. 

Key words: LEO satellite, sparse constellation, blue-green laser, communication ranging, submarine positioning