中国空间科学技术

中国空间科学技术 ›› 2023, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (5): 56-64.doi: 10.16708/j.cnki.1000-758X.2023.0068

• 巨型星座/低轨大规模星座专栏 • 上一篇    下一篇

卫星星座分布概率解析算法及精度分析

刘慧梁1，2，孙茜1，2，楚尧3，彭菲1，2，江帆1，2，吕红剑1，2，蔡亚星1，2，王平1，2   

  1. 1 中国空间技术研究院 通信与导航卫星总体部，北京100094
    2 国家航天局 卫星通信系统创新中心，北京100094
    3 启元实验室，北京100095

  • 出版日期:2023-10-25 发布日期:2023-09-12

Probability estimation and precision analysis of constellation distribution with analytical method

LIU Huiliang1，2，SUN Qian1，2，CHU Yao3，PENG Fei1，2，JIANG Fan1，2，LYU Hongjian1，2，CAI Yaxing1，2，WANG Ping1，2   

  1. 1 Institute of Telecommunication and Navigation Satellites，China Academy of Space Technology，Beijing 100094，China
    2 Innovation Center of Satellite Communication System，China National Space Administration，Beijing 100094，China
    3 Qiyuan Laboratory，Beijing 100095，China
  • Published:2023-10-25 Online:2023-09-12

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摘要： 随着全球低轨星座规模不断增大，传统基于轨道外推的时域统计方法难以满足星座空间分布概率快速分析需求。针对高效率高精度星座分布概率解析问题，首次提出并详细推导了具有普适性的卫星星座概率分布解析表达式，引入了地面站可视空域小区内卫星期望值变量，系统验证了解析算法对于不同构型大型星座的适用性。通过与基于轨道外推的时域统计法结果对比，当可视空域小区半径等于10°时，最大误差为3.1%；当小区半径减小至2°时，分析误差小于0.1%。此外分析了地面站部署在不同纬度时对混合构型星座场景的计算精度，为全球范围内精确解析星座分布概率提供了理论基础及高效计算方法。

关键词: 卫星通信, 星座系统, 混合构型, 空间位置概率, 解析法

Abstract: With the scale of global loworbit constellations increasing，it is difficult for the conventional timedomain statistical method based on orbit extrapolation to meet the requirement of rapid probabilistic analysis of spatial distribution.Aiming at high efficiency and high precision analysis，a universal analytical expression of satellite constellation probability distribution was proposed and derived.The expectation of satellite in the field of view（FOV） of earth terminal was introduced for the first time.The applicability of the analytical algorithm for largescale constellation with different configurations was systematically verified.By comparing the results with the timedomain statistical method based on orbit extrapolation，the calculation accuracy was discussed.When the cell radius of FOV is equal to 10°，the error is less than 3.1%；when the cell radius is decreased to 2°，the error is less than 0.1%.In addition，the calculation accuracy of hybrid configuration constellation scenario under different latitudes was analyzed，which provides a theoretical foundation and efficient analytical method for analyzing the distribution of satellite constellation globally.

Key words: satellite communication, constellation system, hybrid configuration, spatial position probability, analytical method