中国空间科学技术

中国空间科学技术 ›› 2023, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (5): 71-78.doi: 10.16708/j.cnki.1000-758X.2023.0070

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

环月-地面激光通信链路运动特性分析与设计

李晓亮1，2，刘荣科1，刘向南2，周杨2，赵卓2   

  1. 1 北京航空航天大学 电子信息工程学院，北京100191
    2 北京遥测技术研究所，北京100094

  • 出版日期:2023-10-25 发布日期:2023-09-12

Link characteristics analysis and design of circumlunar to earth laser communication

LI Xiaoliang1，2，LIU Rongke1，LIU Xiangnan2，ZHOU Yang2，ZHAO Zhuo2   

  1. 1 School of Electronics and Information Engineering，Beihang University，Beijing 100191，China 
    2 Beijing Research Institute of Telemetry，Beijing 100094，China

  • Published:2023-10-25 Online:2023-09-12

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摘要： 为了实现中国环月飞行器与地面站之间的高速激光通信，建立了环月-地面激光通信链路运动特性模型并进行了仿真分析。结果表明：利用地面站与环月飞行终端分别构建月地直接信息传输链路和月地中继信息传输链路时，喀什站的两种链路总可见时间比阿根廷站分别增加了约4.5%和6.5%，因此选取喀什站更有利于月地激光通信链路的构建；对于环月终端，其转动机构方位角范围-180°~+180°，俯仰角范围-19°~+89.7°，其最大提前指向角达18.2μrad；该月地激光链路的SEP（sun-earth-probe）角和SPE（sun-probe-earth）角近似呈周期性变化，每隔约15天出现一次最小值，因此激光终端设计时须考虑抗日光干扰；对于1550nm激光载波的多普勒频移量为±1.28GHz，多普勒频移变化率达1MHz/s，因此激光通信体制的选择须考虑多普勒频移变化特性。根据链路仿真结果和功率预算给出了环月地面激光通信链路的设计建议。研究结果可以为环月地面激光通信链路的设计提供参考。

关键词: 月地激光通信, 环月轨道, 可见性, 提前角, 多普勒频移, 链路特性, SEP角

Abstract:  For earth-circumlunar laser communication，a simulation model of the dynamic characteristics of laser communication link was established.The communication link characteristics were analyzed.Due to the earth occlusion，the total visible time of Kashi Station-circumlunar laser terminal for direct link or rely link are increased by about 4.5% and 6.5% compared to the Argentina Station，respectively.For the circumlunar terminal，the range of its ortation mechanism is -180° to 180° azimuth and -19° to +89.7° elevation，with 18.2μrad point ahead angle.Based on simulation results，the effect of sunlight interference was summarized.The changes of SEP or SPE angle of the laser communication link are approximately periodic，reaching a minimum value every 15 days.In laser communication link，the typical Doppler frequency shift is ±1.28GHz for the wavelength of 1550nm and the change rate of the Doppler frequency shift is 1MHz/s，so the communication system should be selected to suit the rapid changing of Doppler frequency.Based on the analysis，the link budget and signal system of circumlunar to earth laser communication link were proposed.The results can provide a reference for the design of circumlunar to earth laser communication.

Key words: lunar earth laser communication, circumlunar orbit, visibility, point ahead angle, doppler frequency shift, link characteristics, sun-earth-probe angle