中国空间科学技术

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高速撞击充气压力容器前壁损伤数值模拟

庞宝君;盖芳芳;管公顺;   

  1. 哈尔滨工业大学空间碎片高速撞击研究中心;
  • 出版日期:2010-08-25 发布日期:2010-08-25

Numerical Simulation on the Damage of Front Side of Gas-filled Pressure Vessels due to Hypervelocity Impact

Pang Baojun Gai Fangfang Guan Gongshun (Hypervelocity Impact Research Center,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150080)   

  • Published:2010-08-25 Online:2010-08-25

被引次数

11

摘要： 针对空间碎片超高速撞击充气压力容器前壁损伤问题,应用非线性动力学分析软件AUTODYN采用拉格朗日方法对球形弹丸撞击球形压力容器前壁穿孔进行了数值模拟研究。在建模过程中通过对容器壁内侧施加压力边界条件来模拟由于内充气体的作用在容器壁内产生的应力场,并通过与试验结果的比较验证了数值模拟方法的有效性。在此基础上针对容器的内充气体压力、球形弹丸直径及撞击速度对充气压力容器前壁穿孔的影响进行了研究。结果表明:在一定的气体压力下,气体压力对压力容器前壁穿孔直径与穿孔形态的影响可以忽略不计;而撞击速度及弹丸直径对穿孔直径及穿孔形态有着较大的影响,当撞击速度大于3km/s时,撞击穿孔边缘开始有裂纹产生,并且穿孔直径与裂纹直径随着弹丸直径及撞击速度的增加而增大。利用压力容器前壁穿孔的数值模拟结果进行计算可以得出当容器受到撞击速度大于3km/s的弹丸撞击后比撞击速度不大于3km/s时更易发生破坏。

关键词: 空间碎片, 超高速撞击, 穿孔, 压力容器, 数值模拟

Abstract: The Lagrange methods in AUTODYN-2D were used to investigate the perforation of the front side of gas-filled pressure vessels. The static stress wall resulting from the inner pressure was simulated by applying a stress boundary along the inner wall. A better correlation between experimental and numerical results was obtained. The numerical simulation was performed to analyze the effects of the projectile diameter,the impact velocity and gas pressure on the perforation of the front wall. The simulation result shows that the effect of gas pressure on the perforation can be neglected. While impact velocity is higher than 3.0 km/s,some micro-crack are initiated at the edge of the circular hole in the vessel wall. Both hole diameter and crack diameter are increased with an increase of the impact velocity and projectile diameters. The critical stress curves with different impact parameters were obtained. While impact velocity is higher than 3.0 km/s,cracks and hole in the vessel walls will lead to a catastrophic failure of vessels.