中国空间科学技术

中国空间科学技术 ›› 2022, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (5): 11-23.doi: 10.16708/j.cnki.1000-758X.2022.0063

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

航天器寿命末期离轨技术研究综述

康会峰，梅天宇，夏广庆，王晓阳，范益朋，鹿畅   

  1. 1 北华航天工业学院 航空宇航学院，廊坊065000
    2 大连理工大学 工业装备结构分析国家重点实验室，大连116024
    3 河北省跨气水介质飞行器重点实验室，廊坊065000
  • 出版日期:2022-09-09 发布日期:2022-09-09

Review of the research on spacecraft end-of-life de-orbit technology

KANG Huifeng，MEI Tianyu，XIA Guangqing，WANG Xiaoyang，FAN Yipeng，LU Chang   

  1. 1 College of Aerospace Engineering，North China Institute of Aerospace Engineering，Langfang 065000，China
    2 State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment，Dalian University of Technology，Dalian
     116024，China
    3 Key Laboratory of Transmedia Aerial Underwater Vehicle of Hebei Province，Langfang 065000，China
  • Published:2022-09-09 Online:2022-09-09

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摘要： 为净化空间环境，针对航天器寿命末期离轨问题，对现有航天器离轨技术进行了分析。介绍了航天器寿命末期离轨技术的国内外研究发展现状，总结了不同类型离轨方式的特点及适用对象，分析了各种离轨方式发展趋势及关键技术，提出了航天器寿命末期离轨技术各离轨方式的发展建议。通过调研发现：现有航天器寿命末期离轨技术可使航天器在25年内离轨，但在离轨装置可靠性、离轨过程稳定性、航天器离轨时间及离轨后处理等方面有较大提升空间。

关键词: 航天器, 寿命末期, 离轨技术, 离轨帆, 增阻球

Abstract: To purify the space environment，the existing spacecraft de-orbit technologies were analyzed for the spacecraft de-orbit problem at the lifetime end.The research status of spacecraft end-of-life de-orbit technologies was introduced.The characteristics and applicability of various de-orbit methods were summarized.Then the development trends and key technologies of various de-orbit methods were analyzed，and the development suggestions for the de-orbit technologies at the lifetime end of the spacecraft were put forward.The results show that the spacecraft end-of-life de-orbit technologies can de-orbit spacecraft within 25 years，but the reliability of de-orbit device，the stability of deorbit，the deorbit time of spacecraft and the aftertreatment can still be greatly improved.