中国空间科学技术

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基于实时SSR数据的LEO卫星精密单点定位研究

康国华1,*，刘瑶1，乔思元1，金晨迪1，郭玉洁1，梁尔涛2   

  1. 1南京航空航天大学微小卫星中心，南京210016
    2上海卫星工程研究所，上海201109
  • 收稿日期:2018-04-13 修回日期:2018-11-20 出版日期:2019-04-25 发布日期:2019-03-19
  • 作者简介:康国华 (1978-)，男，博士，研究员，kanggh@nuaa.edu.cn，研究方向为卫星总体设计、姿轨控等
  • 基金资助:

    中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助（NoNZ2016111）；空间智能控制技术重点实验室开放基金资助项目（ZDSYS201701）；上海航天科技创新基金资助项目（NOSAST2015035）

Point precise positioning for LEO satellite based on realtime SSR data

KANG Guohua1,*，LIU Yao1，QIAO Siyuan1，JIN Chendi1，GUO Yujie1，LIANG Ertao2   

  1. 1Research Center of Microsatellites,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016，China
    2Shanghai Institute of Satellite Engineer, Shanghai 201109, China
  • Received:2018-04-13 Revised:2018-11-20 Published:2019-04-25 Online:2019-03-19

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摘要： 对目前低轨卫星实时定位的方法进行了研究，现在通常采用GPS定位，使用广播星历和普通晶振，实时定位精度一般在10m以内，不能满足高精度实时定位的需求。IGS组织在全球范围内对GPS跟踪分析，生成精密星历、精密钟差产品、按SSR格式的广播星历和钟差修正产品并在网上发布。对这些IGS产品进行了调查，提出在现有测控支持情况下，可以通过高密度上注SSR信息流实现在轨高精度定位。以某型号低轨微小卫星在轨导航增强载荷为应用背景，用IGS03产品中的1057和1058数据对双频GPS接收机的星历和钟差进行修正，采用递推最小二乘估计和LAMDA模糊度固定过对载波相位和伪距信息进行处理，在短时间内获得亚米级定位结果。

关键词: SSR数据流, IGS精密星历, 非差精密单点定位, 导航定位, 低轨卫星

Abstract: The method of realtime positioning for LEO satellites was studied. GPS positioning is usually used in the realtime positioning of low orbit satellites. Due to the use of broadcast ephemeris parameters and ordinary crystal vibration, the precision is generally within 10m, which cannot meet the needs of highprecision realtime positioning. IGS organization generates the precise ephemeris and clock error products through the global GPS tracking analysis centers, and releases the SSR ephemeris and clock error correction products on the Internet. These IGS products were investigated,and it was put forward that under the condition of existing observing and controlling support, highprecision location of SSR could be achieved by highdensity injection of information flow. The background of augmentation load for a low orbit micro satellite was applied. The ephemeris and clock difference of a dual frequency GPS receiver were corrected with 1057 and 1058 data in IGS03 products, using the recursive least square estimation and LAMDA fuzziness to deal with the carrier phase and pseudo distance information.

Key words: SSR data flow, IGS precise ephemeris, nondifferential precise point positioning, navigation and positioning, low orbit satellites