中国空间科学技术

中国空间科学技术 ›› 2022, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (2): 64-70.doi: 10.16708/j.cnki.1000-758X.2022.0023

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于北斗三号导航系统的卫星定位技术

赵鹏飞，陈高峰，李小娟，汪大宝，刘宁，王慧聪   

  1. 1中国空间技术研究院 遥感卫星总体部，北京100094
    2航天恒星科技有限公司，天津300450
  • 出版日期:2022-04-25 发布日期:2022-03-30

Research on satellite positioning technology based on BeiDou-3 navigation satellite system

ZHAO Pengfei，CHEN Gaofeng，LI Xiaojuan，WANG Dabao，LIU Ning，WANG Huicong   

  1. 1Institute of Remote Sensing Satellite, CAST, Beijing 100094, China
    2Space Star Technology Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300450, China
  • Published:2022-04-25 Online:2022-03-30

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摘要： 对北斗三号体制下的传输链路、接收门限进行理论分析，得出捕获算法采用4次非相干累加，可以使捕获灵敏度达到-130dBm，同时实现定位时间小于5min的综合较优结果。接着以低轨太阳同步轨道卫星为例，利用STK建模进行全轨道周期仿真，结果显示全程收星数超过4颗，定位精度达到2.59m，速度误差为0.00378m/s。2020年底北斗三号导航系统部署完成后，首次完成在轨卫星定位测试，实际收星数大于或等于6颗，定位精度达到277m，速度误差0.006m/s，仿真和测试结果的一致性良好。该研究成果可作为后续在轨航天器使用北斗三号系统实现定位需求的参考。

关键词: 北斗三号导航系统, 非相干累加, 捕获灵敏度, 定位精度, 在轨验证

Abstract: The transmission link between BeiDou navigation satellites and user satellite, and the relationship between the capture sensitivity and the incoherent accumulation were analyzed. A fourtime incoherent accumulation was used and capture sensitivity reached -130dBm, together with positioning time less than 5 minutes. Based on the capture sensitivity, a STK model was set up to simulate the number of captured BeiDou navigation satellites for the user satellite whose orbit was of sun synchronous in a full orbital period. The results show that more than 4  satellites could be captured during the full orbital period. Positioning accuracy and speed accuracy are 2.59m and 0.00378m/s respectively. The first test of on-orbit satellite positioning was carried out right after BeiDou navigation satellite system completed deployment at the end of 2020. Six or more visible BeiDou navigation satellites were captured. Positioning accuracy of 2.77m and speed accuracy of 0.006m/s were achieved, showing good consistency with the simulated results. The study proves that the algorithm can be used for satellite positioning applications and  that it satisfies the positioning requirement based on Beidou navigation system.

Key words: BeiDou-3 navigation satellite system, incoherent accumulation, capture sensitivity, positioning accuracy, on-orbit test