中国空间科学技术

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航天器微流星体及空间碎片环境与风险分析

张伟,黄文波,管公顺,庞宝君   

  1. 哈尔滨工业大学,牡丹江炼油厂,哈尔滨工业大学,哈尔滨工业大学 哈尔滨150001 ,牡丹江157000 ,哈尔滨150001 ,哈尔滨150001
  • 发布日期:2003-12-25

Analysis of Meteoroids and Space Debris Environment and Risk for Spacecraft in LEO

Zhang Wei * Huang Wenbo ** Guan Gongshun * Pang Baojun * (*Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150001) (**Mudanjiang Oil Refinery, Mudanjiang 157000)   

  • Published:2003-12-25

摘要： 微流星体及空间碎片的高速撞击威胁着长寿命、大尺寸航天器的安全运行 ,导致其严重的损伤和灾难性的失效。文章对低地球轨道微流星体及空间碎片环境进行了分析 ,给出了微流星体及空间碎片对航天器威胁方向的确定方法 ,得到了空间碎片撞击航天器相对撞击角的概率分布以及地球对微流星体遮挡的影响。编制了风险分析软件 ,以采用单防护屏防护结构的柱状低地球轨道航天器为例进行风险分析。

关键词: 航天器, 流星体, 空间碎片, 高速撞击, 风险分析

Abstract: High-velocity impacts of the micro-meteoriods and space debris threaten the safety operation of the long life and large size spacecraft,that can in turn lead to significant damage and catastrophic failure.Inorder to investigate the risk of spacecraft operation in LEO,the meteoroids and space debris environment are analyzed in this paper The probability distribution of impact incident angle is obtained,the effect of shielding of the meteoroids by the earth is also be taken into consideration.Then the program of risk analysis is developed,taking the cylindrical spacecraft in LEO as an example,the risk analysis is performed for single bumper structure. The analysis result is presented