中国空间科学技术 ›› 2016, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (2): 58-.doi: 10.16708/j.cnki.1000-758X.2016.0001

• 技术交流 • 上一篇    下一篇

“玉兔”巡视器活动式相机热设计及在轨分析

张冰强, 向艳超, 陈建新, 宋馨, 马巨印   

  1. 1中国空间技术研究院总体部,北京100094 2空间热控技术北京重点实验室,北京100086
  • 收稿日期:2015-04-09 修回日期:2015-09-01 出版日期:2016-04-25 发布日期:2015-09-28
  • 作者简介:张冰强(1985-),男,硕士,工程师,zbq07@mailstsinghuaeducn,主要研究方向为航天器热控制

Thermaldesignandonorbitthermalanalysison YuTu rovermovablecameras

ZHANG  Bing-Qiang, XIANG  Yan-Chao, CHEN  Jian-Xin, SONG  Xin, MA  Ju-Yin   

  1. 1BeijingInstituteofSpacecraftSystemEngineering,Beijing100094,China
    2BeijingKeyLaboratoryofSpaceThermalControlTechnology,Beijing100094,China
  • Received:2015-04-09 Revised:2015-09-01 Published:2016-04-25 Online:2015-09-28

摘要: 月面虹湾地区的环境温度为-180~+90℃,需同时解决“玉兔”巡视器活动式相机在桅杆复杂活动下的月昼散热问题和月夜无电能供给下的保温问题;另外月尘的不确定性也给相机热设计带来了风险。因此,月昼极端高温下,转动桅杆为相机寻找最佳避暑姿态,并优化相机开关机时长比例,从而解决相机月昼散热问题。而在月夜极端低温下,则调整相机与巡视器的热耦合状态,将桅杆收拢至围栏内,借用巡视器月夜保温系统进行保温。此外,还对月尘在散热面上的沉降诱因进行分析,并采用限制工作太阳高度角应对月尘带来的风险。热分析和在轨实际数据比对结果表明,采用避暑姿态和间歇工作模式,月昼高温下相机工作温度最高可降低15℃;月夜桅杆收拢,相机温度不低于-261℃,相机安全度过月夜,并可节约45W同位素功率。文中热控与姿态相耦合的热控方法可解决行星表面巡视探测器活动式相机的高低温难题,降低了热设计的同位素资源,可为中国后续行星表面巡视探测器的热控设计做参考。

关键词: 玉兔巡视器, 导航相机, 全景相机, 热设计, 在轨热分析, 月尘

Abstract: InthebrutaltemperatureenvironmentinSinusIridiumwiththerangebetween-180℃to+90℃,itneedstosolvecameraheatdissipationduringlunardaytimeandheatpreservationinmoonlitnightwithoutelectricenergysupplyunderthecomplexrotationof YuTu Rovermast.Besides,theuncertaintyoflunarduststillresultsinriskstothermaldesign.Inordertosolvetheextremehightemperatureproblemindaytime,themastrotatestoanoptimalpositionforheatdissipationandavoidsthecamerabeingtoohot,andtheproportionofpoweronandoffisoptimized.Inextremelylowtemperatureatnight,thethermalcouplingstateofthecameraandtheroverhasbeenchanged;themastisfoldedintothefencetokeepwarmbymeansofheatpreservationsystems.Basedontheanalysisofthecauseofdustsubsidence,themaxsunelevationangleforworkingisrestrictedtoavoidrisksbydust.Accordingtothethermalanalysisresultsandinorbitresults,itcanbeconfirmedthatthehighesttemperaturedecreased15degreesbymethodsoffindingoptimalpositionandoptimizingtheproportionofpoweronandoff.Byfoldingthemastinmoonnight,camerashavesafelyundergonethecoldnight,therefore45WpowergeneratedbyRHUhasbeensaved.Itindicatesthatthecouplingmethodbetweenthermalcontrolandpostureadjustmentcanbeusedtosolvethehighlowtemperatureproblemofmovablecamerasontheplanet′surfacerover,andreducetheroverpowerdemandforRHU.Itcouldprovidethermaldesignreferenceforthefollowoncelestialbodysurfaceexplorations.

Key words: YuTu Rover, navigationcameras, panoramacameras, thermaldesign, onorbitthermalanalysis, lunardust