中国空间科学技术 ›› 2017, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (5): 24-.doi: 10.16708/j.cnki.1000-758X.2017.0080

• 研究探讨 • 上一篇    下一篇

微脉冲等离子体推力器放电过程和性能初探

 王尚民, 田立成, 张家良, 张天平, 冯玮玮, 陈新伟, 高军   

  1. 1.兰州空间技术物理研究所真空技术与物理重点实验室,兰州730000
    2.大连理工大学三束材料改性教育部重点实验室,大连116024
  • 收稿日期:2017-05-04 修回日期:2017-08-09 出版日期:2017-10-25 发布日期:2017-09-12

Elementarystudyonthedischargeprocessandperformanceofmicropulsedplasmathruster

 WANG  Shang-Min, TIAN  Li-Cheng, ZHANG  Jia-Liang, ZHANG  Tian-Ping, FENG  Wei-Wei, CHEN  Xin-Wei, GAO  Jun   

  1. 1.ScienceandTechnologyonVacuumTechnologyandPhysicsLaboratory,LanzhouinstituteofPhysics,Lanzhou730000,China
    2.KeyLaboratoryofMaterialsModificationbyLaser,IonandElectronBeamsofMinistryofEducation,DalianUniversityofTechnology,Dalian116024,China
  • Received:2017-05-04 Revised:2017-08-09 Published:2017-10-25 Online:2017-09-12

摘要: 针对平板烧蚀型微脉冲等离子体推力器(μPPT),开展了放电过程研究和性能表征。根据放电过程的电学测量和等离子体区域的发光行为分析,研究了μPPT的基本放电特点和放电形态演变。从空间分布看,μPPT放电空间可分为3个区域(阴极区、弧柱区和阳极区),随着放电间隙的减少,阳极区逐渐消失。从时间分布看,μPPT放电是由多个幅度不同的脉冲放电构成,放电回路和放电间隙的阻抗分布决定放电脉冲的数量,一定条件下可以发生单脉冲放电。根据μPPT等离子体区的电流片模型,估算了μPPT元冲量和推力等基本性能参数。结果表明,放电间隙和烧蚀量对μPPT性能参数有重要的影响,相同脉冲放电能量时,放电间隙越大,元冲量越大,烧蚀量也越大,导致比冲越小。放电时空形态是影响μPPT的元冲量和比冲的关键因素,因此,开展放电回路和放电间隙的阻抗优化研究是提高μPPT性能的有效途径。

关键词: 微脉冲等离子体推力器, 电学特性, 光学特性, 性能预估, 微电推进

Abstract: Thedischargeprocess〖JP+2〗andperformancecharacterizationofaplanarablationmicropulsedplasmathruster(〖WT〗μ〖WTF2〗PPT) 〖HJ5.5p〗 wereinvestigated.Basedontheelectricalmeasurementsofthedischargeprocessandopticalbehavioroftheplasmaregion,thebasicdischargecharacteristicsandtheevolutionofthedischargepatternofμPPTwerestudied.Fromthespatialpattern,μPPTdischargegapcanbedividedintothreeregions(cathoderegion,arccolumnregionandanoderegion);withthedischargegapdecreasing,theanodeareagraduallydisappears.Fromthetemporalbehavior,μPPTiscomposedofseveralpulsedischargeswithdifferentamplitude.Thenumberofdischargepulsesisdeterminedbytheimpedancedetailofthedischargecircuitanddischargegap.Singlepulsedischargecanoccurundersuitableconditions.BasedonthecurrentsheetmodeloftheμPPTplasmaregion,thebasicperformanceparameterssuchasimpulsebitandspecificimpulseofμPPTwereestimated.TheresultsshowthatthedischargegapandablationvolumehaveanimportanteffectontheμPPTperformanceparameters.Withsamedischargeenergypulse,thelargerthegapis,thelargertheimpulsebitis,leadingtolargerablationamountandsmallerspecificimpulse.DischargetimespacemorphologyisthekeyfactorthataffectstheimpulsebitandspecificimpulseofμPPT.Therefore,itisaneffectivewaytoimprovetheμPPTperformancebystudyingtheoptimizationofdischargecircuitanddischargegapimpedance.

Key words: micropulsedplasmathruster, electricalcharacteristics, opticalproperties, performanceprediction, microelectricpropulsion