中国空间科学技术

中国空间科学技术 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (1): 12-23.doi: 10.16708/j.cnki.1000-758X.2025.0002

• 陆地探测四号卫星专题 • 上一篇    下一篇

陆地探测四号星载GNSS导航系统设计及在轨效能分析

王振兴1，*，王煜斌2，毛志毅1，田晓彬1，刘志佳1，黄勇3，邵明学4   

  1. 1.中国空间技术研究院，北京100094
    2.武汉大学 卫星导航定位技术研究中心，武汉430072
    3.中国科学院上海天文台，上海200030
    4.中国科学院电工研究所，北京100190
  • 收稿日期:2024-01-29 修回日期:2024-04-20 录用日期:2024-05-13 发布日期:2025-01-23 出版日期:2025-02-01

Design and on-orbit efficiency analysis of onboard GNSS system for LT4A satellite

WANG Zhenxing1，*，WANG Yubin2，MAO Zhiyi1，TIAN Xiaobin1，LIU Zhijia1，HUANG Yong3，SHAO Mingxue4   

  1. 1.China Academy of Space Technology， Beijing 100094， China
    2.GNSS Research Center， Wuhan University， Wuhan 430072， China
    3.Shanghai Astronomical Observatory， CAS， Shanghai 200030， China
    4.Institute of Electrical Engineering， CAS， Beijing 100190， China
  • Received:2024-01-29 Revision received:2024-04-20 Accepted:2024-05-13 Online:2025-01-23 Published:2025-02-01

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摘要： 陆地探测四号01星（LT4A）是全球首颗地球同步轨道合成孔径雷达业务卫星，依赖星载高轨GNSS导航接收系统实现在轨导航，并首次工程化应用于地面精密定轨任务。对星载高轨GNSS导航接收系统的在轨表现和工程化设计进行分析研究，通过星载BDS和GPS实测漏信号数据，进行了星载观测数据质量评估，并重点研究了利用星载高轨GNSS漏信号进行事后精密定轨的性能。研究结果表明，LT4A星载高轨GNSS导航接收系统可稳定捕获和跟踪BDS B1I和GPS L1频点的导航信号，满足卫星在轨实时和地面事后定轨精度需求。采用星载BDS+GPS联合精密定轨，重叠轨道内符合精度径向优于1.87m，三维优于3.07m；外符合精度径向优于1.81m，三维优于4.71m。针对高轨导航收星特点及卫星应用时效性需求，定轨系统可全流程自动化运行，保证轨道平滑及连续性，控制勒让德高阶误差引入，相关成果可应用于中国后续搭载GNSS接收机的高轨对地观测卫星计划。

关键词: 陆地探测四号01卫星, 倾斜地球同步轨道, 合成孔径雷达, 全球导航定位系统, 事后精密定轨, 在轨实时自主定轨

Abstract:

The analysis of the onboard high-orbit GNSS navigation receiver system applied on the LuTan-04A (LT4A)， the world′s first Inclined Geosynchronous Orbit (IGSO) Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) satellite， is presented. The study investigates the precise orbit determination (POD) performance of the high-orbit GNSS receiver system and reports its engineering application for post-precise orbit determination for the first time. By collecting on-orbit data of BDS and GPS signal anomalies， the quality of onboard observational data and the POD are analyzed and evaluated. Experimental results indicate that the LT4A satellite onboard high-orbit GNSS navigation receiver system can stably capture and track BDS B1I and GPS L1 navigation signals， meeting the requirements for high-orbit real-time positioning， orbit determination， and post-mission precise orbit determination. Utilizing joint orbit determination of onboard BDS+GPS， the in-track accuracy can achieve radial better than 1.87m and three-dimensional better than 3.07m. In response to the characteristics of high-orbit navigation satellite acquisition and the timeliness requirements of applications， the orbit determination system can operate fully automatically throughout the entire process， ensuring the smoothness and continuity of the orbit， and controlling the introduction of high-order Legendre errors. The relevant achievements of this study can be applied to future high-orbit Earth observation satellite missions equipped with GNSS receivers.

Key words: LuTan-04A, inclined geosynchronous orbit, synthetic aperture radar, global navigation satellite system, precise orbit determination, onboard real-time autonomous orbit determination ,