中国空间科学技术

中国空间科学技术

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载人航天中高温应急的医学对策

庞诚,陈景山   

  1. 航天医学工程研究所
  • 发布日期:1998-10-25

MEDICAL COUNTERMEASURE TO HEAT STRESS DURING SPACE FLIGHT

Pang Cheng Chen Jingshan (Institute of Space Medico Engineering,Beijing 100094)   

  • Online:1998-10-25

被引次数

3

摘要： 载人航天中高温应急事件发生概率较高，应予以充分重视。首先应该克服某些消极认识和不适做法，并指出高温负荷对工效的影响，可转而续发其它事故或未能完成预定飞行计划等问题。文中根据航天实际，提出了若干与高温耐力有关的选训措施和设想，侧重论述了最大氧摄取量（ＶＯ２ｍａｘ）与耐热能力的关系。认为可以采用心功能适应指数与ＶＯ２ｍａｘ的测定作为指标，选拔潜在耐热能力较高的航天员，并在此基础上安排某些体能训练，进一步提高耐热能力，达到在万一发生情况时避免发生事故，圆满完成任务的目的。

关键词: 载人航天飞行, 高温, 应急系统, 医学, 航天员

Abstract: Since the occurrence probability of heat emergency in the manned space activities is relatively high ,heat stress should be paid more attention to relieve its effects on crewmembers.This paper provided some methods for selection and training of astronaut candidate on the basis of significant relationships between them and capabilities of heat tolerance It is suggested that adaptive index of cardiac function and maximaum oxygen uptake ( O 2 max ) should be used as selective targets and several physical fitness training should be carried out in order to get further improvements of heat tolerance.