中国空间科学技术 ›› 2023, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (4): 13-23.doi: 10.16708/j.cnki.1000-758X.2023.0049

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

宏微空间机械臂运动控制方法综述

尹旺,王翔,王为,刘冬雨   

  1. 北京空间飞行器总体设计部,北京100094
  • 出版日期:2023-08-25 发布日期:2023-07-18

A review of motion control methods of macro/micro space manipulator systems

YIN Wang,WANG Xiang,WANG Wei,LIU Dongyu   

  1. Beijing Institute of Spacecraft System Engineering,Beijing 100094,China
  • Published:2023-08-25 Online:2023-07-18

摘要: 由于单一的机械臂不能满足日益增长的空间任务需求,为了提升机械臂的综合性能如快速响应、高精度和大负载,世界各航天大国开展了宏微机械臂的研制工作。综述了国际空间站和中国空间站上宏微机械臂的发展现状,分别从分时独立控制和协调控制两种操作模式下对宏微机械臂系统的运动控制进行了归纳总结。当宏微机械臂采用分时独立的控制模式时,可将其等效为柔性基座机械臂,并从反作用最优控制、主动阻尼控制和末端轨迹跟踪控制三方面对柔性基座机械臂的控制算法进行了分析研究,为中国空间组合机械臂的在轨操作提供了借鉴意义。最后,对空间宏微机械臂的动力学建模和运动控制进行了展望。

关键词: 宏微机械臂, 柔性基座, 运动控制, 振动抑制, 操作策略

Abstract: A single manipulator can hardly meet the growing demand for space missions.In order to improve the comprehensive performance of the manipulator system,such as rapid response,high precision and large load,several countries begin to develop macro-micro manipulator systems.The development status of macro-micro manipulators on the International Space Station and Chinese Space Station was reviewed,and the motion control methods were summarized from separated time independent control mode and coordinate control mode.When the macro-micro manipulator adopts the mode of time-separating and independent control,it can be equivalent to a flexible base manipulator system.The control algorithms of flexible structure mounted manipulator systems were researched from the perspectives of optimal reaction control,active damping control and end-point trajectory tracking control.The research provides reference for on-orbit operation of China′s space manipulator.Finally,the future research prospect of dynamic modeling and motion control of space macromicro manipulator were looked into.

Key words: macro/micro manipulator, flexible base, motion control, vibration suppression, operation strategy