中国空间科学技术

›› 2011, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (5): 48-56.doi: 10.3780/j.issn.1000-758X.2011.05.007

• 研究探讨 • 上一篇    下一篇

卫星编队对空间非合作目标测距相对导航精度分析

 苏建敏, 董云峰   

  1. （北京航空航天大学宇航学院，北京 100191）
  • 收稿日期:2010-11-25 修回日期:2011-01-12 出版日期:2011-10-25 发布日期:2011-10-25
  • 作者简介:苏建敏 1982年生，2005年获北京航空航天大学飞行器设计专业硕士学位，现为北京航空航天大学飞行器设计专业博士研究生。主要研究方向为卫星编队测量与控制。 董云峰 1965年生，2005年获北京航空航天大学宇航学院飞行器设计专业博士学位，教授、博士生导师。主要研究方向为卫星动力学与仿真。

Relative Guidance Accuracy Analysis for Non-cooperative Space Target by Range-only Measurement of Satellite Formation

 SU  Jian-Min, DONG  Yun-Feng   

  1. (School of Astronautics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191)
  • Received:2010-11-25 Revised:2011-01-12 Published:2011-10-25 Online:2011-10-25

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摘要： 针对单颗卫星对空间非合作目标测距不能估计全部相对运动状态的问题，提出利用编队中多颗卫星同时测距相对导航。建立了相对运动状态估计的系统模型;推导了系统可观测矩阵;通过计算系统可观测度和采用无迹卡尔曼滤波（UKF）对目标相对运动状态进行估计，研究了观测矢量方向和数量与相对导航精度的关系。结果表明双星测距能估计全部相对运动状态，观测矢量夹角越大，相对导航精度越高，在编队尺寸远小于目标距离的前提下，多于两颗的卫星测距并不能明显提高相对导航精度。

关键词: 相对导航, 测距, 空间非合作目标, 无迹卡尔曼滤波, 编队飞行, 卫星

Abstract: Relative motion states of non-cooperative space target cannot be fully estimated by single satellite range-only measurement. To solve this problem, formation satellites range-only measurement was proposed. System model and measurement model were established. System observability matrix was derived, and the degree of observability was calculated. Relative motion states of non-cooperative space target were estimated through unscented Kalman filter (UKF). Analyses and simulations show that all relative motion states of non-cooperative space target can be estimated by using two-satellite range-only measurement data. The larger the angle of measurement vectors is,  the more accurate the states estimation is. When formation size is far less than the distance of target, more than two measurement satellites cannot improve states estimation accuracy.

Key words: Relative guidanceRange-only measurement, Non-cooperative space target, Unscented Kalman filter, Formation flight, Satellite