中国空间科学技术

中国空间科学技术 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (4): 38-50.doi: 10.16708/j.cnki.1000-758X.2026.0056

• 庆祝王希季院士105岁寿辰特别专题 • 上一篇    下一篇

海洋盐度探测卫星综合孔径辐射计在轨性能评估

李一楠1，张庆君2，陈文新1，周武3，宋广南1，杨小娇1,*，王丛丛1，李鹏飞1，吴袁超1，姜任之1，李刚1，李浩1，张欢2，张利强2，王睿2
  

  1. 1.西安空间无线电技术研究所，西安710100
    2.中国空间技术研究院遥感卫星总体部，北京100086
    3.国家卫星海洋应用中心，北京100081
  • 收稿日期:2025-11-17 修回日期:2026-01-19 录用日期:2026-01-27 发布日期:2026-07-16 出版日期:2026-07-31

On-orbit performance evaluation of the 2-D L-band Aperture Synthesis Microwave Radiometer for Chinese Ocean Salinity and Soil Moisture Mission

LI Yinan1，ZHANG Qingjun2，CHEN Wenxin1，ZHOU Wu3，SONG Guangnan1，YANG Xiaojiao1,*，WANG Congcong1，LI Pengfei1，WU Yuanchao1，JIANG Renzhi1，LI Gang1，LI Hao1，ZHANG huan2, ZHANG Liqiang2，WANG Rui2   

  1. 1.Xi'an Institute of Space Radio Technology，Xi’an 710100，China
    2.Remote Sensing Satellite General Department, China Academy of Space Technology，Beijing 100086，China
    3.National Satellite Ocean Application Center，Beijing 100081，China
  • Received:2025-11-17 Revision received:2026-01-19 Accepted:2026-01-27 Online:2026-07-16 Published:2026-07-31

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摘要： 为了对海洋盐度探测卫星综合孔径辐射计在轨功能、性能实现情况进行分析，针对发射前载荷系统地面验证试验以及在轨后开展的功能性能测试结果进行了详细研究。发射前，综合孔径辐射计开展天线方向图测试、暗室点源成像、温控试验及航空飞行试验等地面验证工作，验证了载荷系统的工作原理与核心功能有效性。在轨测试阶段，对综合孔径辐射计的成像功能、幅宽、灵敏度及盐度反演精度等功能性能进行了系统测试，结果显示：成像功能正常，地面幅宽达到956km，灵敏度达到0.91K，海水盐度单次测量精度达0.28psu，时空平均处理后精度提升至0.097psu。研究表明，综合孔径辐射计的地面试验验证充分、在轨功能性能表现优异，成功实现优于0.1psu的盐度探测精度，为全球海洋盐度动态监测提供了关键技术支撑。

关键词: 海洋盐度探测卫星, 综合孔径辐射计, 地面试验, 在轨测试, 性能

Abstract: To analyze the on-orbit performance realization of the 2-D L-band aperture synthesis microwave radiometer (LASMR) aboard Chinese Ocean Salinity and Soil Moisture Mission (COSM), an in-depth study was conducted on the test results of the payload system, including both the ground verification tests prior to launch and the on-orbit function and performance tests. Prior to launch, ground verification activities-including antenna pattern testing, anechoic chamber point-source imaging, temperature control experiments, and aerial flight tests-were conducted to preliminarily validate the operational principle and core functional effectiveness of the payload system. During the on-orbit testing phase, systematic tests were carried out on the functional and performance metrics of the LASMR, including imaging capability, swath width, sensitivity, and salinity retrieval accuracy. The results show that: the imaging function operates normally; the ground swath width reaches 956km; the sensitivity attains 0.91K; the single-measurement accuracy of seawater salinity hits 0.28psu; and the accuracy is improved to 0.097psu after spatiotemporal averaging processing. The study demonstrates that the ground verification of the synthetic aperture radiometer was comprehensive, and its in-orbit performance is excellent, successfully achieving salinity detection precision surpassing 0.1 psu. This provides critical technological support for dynamic global ocean salinity monitoring.

Key words: Chinese Ocean Salinity and Soil Moisture Mission, 2-D L-band aperture synthesis microwave radiometer, ground verification activities, on-orbit testing phase, performance