中国空间科学技术

中国空间科学技术 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (5): 182-191.doi: 10.16708/j.cnki.1000-758X.2026.0088

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

深空干涉测量高精度时延率模型精化与验证

路伟涛1,2,*，任天鹏1,2，陈略1,2，韩松涛1,2，张雨佳1,2   

  1. 1.北京航天飞行控制中心，北京100094
    2.航天飞行动力学重点实验室，北京100094
  • 收稿日期:2025-10-11 修回日期:2025-12-12 录用日期:2026-05-18 发布日期:2026-09-23 出版日期:2026-09-30

Refinement and verification of high-precision delay rate model for deep space interferometry

LU Weitao1,2,*，REN Tianpeng1,2，CHEN Lue1,2，HANG Songtao1,2，ZHANG Yujia1,2   

  1. 1.National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Aerospace Flight Dynamics, Beijing 100094, China
    2.Beijing Aerospace Control Center, Beijing 100094, China
  • Received:2025-10-11 Revision received:2025-12-12 Accepted:2026-05-18 Online:2026-09-23 Published:2026-09-30

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摘要： 在对深空探测微弱信号或探测器高动态弧段进行干涉测量时，需要高精度干涉测量时延模型。理论分析了时延率模型对相关处理的影响，发现积分周期越长，时延率模型精度要求越高。在初始时延模型的基础上，提出了一种基于多积分周期互谱相位最小二乘处理的高精度时延率模型精化方法，即对多个积分周期的互谱相位进行最小二乘解算，获取残余时延率并修正初始时延率模型；给出了时延率模型精度的评估方法。采用蒙特卡洛仿真和中国深空网实测数据对射电源信号和探测器信号进行了处理验证。结果表明，时延率模型修正后精度优于0.2ps/s，射电源残余时延估计精度改善最大约56%，探测器预报星历不准场景下干涉测量时延精度改善接近2个量级。所提方法有利于提高深空探测微弱信号及探测器高动态弧段的干涉测量精度，对后续远深空探测数据处理具有一定参考意义。

关键词: 深空干涉测量, 微弱信号, 时延率模型, 分布方差, 最佳积分周期

Abstract:

When performing very long baseline interferometry using weak signals in deep space exploration or high-dynamic arcs of detectors, a high-precision interferometry time delay model is required. A theoretical analysis of the impact of the time delay rate model on correlation processing was conducted, whose results showed that the longer the integration period, the higher the accuracy requirement for the time delay rate model. Based on the initial time delay model, a high-precision time delay rate model refinement method based on multi-integration period cross-spectral phase least squares processing was proposed. The least squares calculation was performed on the cross-spectral phases of multiple integration periods to obtain the residual time delay rate and correct the initial time delay rate model; further, an evaluation method for the accuracy of the time delay rate model was presented. Monte Carlo simulations and measured data from China deep space Network were used to process and verify both radio source signals and detector signals. The results show that after the correction of the time delay rate model, the accuracy of time delay rate model is better than 0.2 ps/s, the residual delay estimation accuracy of the radio source is improved by up to approximately 56%, and the residual time delay accuracy is improved by nearly two orders of magnitude in scenarios where the detector's predicted ephemeris is inaccurate.The proposed method is conducive to improving the interferometric measurement accuracy of weak signals in deep space exploration and high-dynamic arcs of detectors, and has certain reference significance for subsequent data processing of deep space exploration.

Key words: deep space interferometry, weak signal, delay rate model, distributed variance, optimal integration period