中国空间科学技术

中国空间科学技术 ›› 2024, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (5): 136-146.doi: 10.16708/j.cnki.1000-758X.2024.0081

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于海上多目标的视频卫星稳像方法

李睿瑄，李峰，辛蕾，鲁啸天，刘锋   

  1. 1 中国空间技术研究院 钱学森空间技术实验室，北京100094
    2 中国空间技术研究院 遥感卫星总体部，北京100094
    3 中国人民解放军 61646部队，北京100192
  • 出版日期:2024-10-25 发布日期:2024-10-21

Video satellite image stabilization method based on maritime multi-targets

LI Ruixuan，LI Feng，XIN Lei，LU Xiaotian，LIU Feng   

  1. 1 Qian Xuesen Space Technology Laboratory，China Academy of Space Technology，Beijing 100094，China
    2 Institute of Remote Sensing Satellite，China Academy of Space Technology，Beijing 100094，China
    3 Unit 61646，People's Liberation Army，Beijing 100192，China
  • Published:2024-10-25 Online:2024-10-21

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摘要： 视频卫星稳像是实现卫星视频高精度应用的前提和基础。由于卫星姿态指向精度不足以及平台姿态稳定度不足等原因，通常需要引入基于图像配准的稳像技术以实现视频凝视的效果；然而在观测海上目标时，由于没有控制点标校，帧间无法开展基于特征点的配准，所以天基凝视视频相机在观测时经常会出现目标在像面上反复跳变的问题。提出一种基于海上多目标舰船检测的全局前景视频稳像GFVS（global foreground video stabilization）方法，构建高斯误差模型，通过优化后位置和原始位置的偏差修正像面错位，最后进行稳像视频合成。实验结果表明，该方法能够有效解决海上控制点不足时抖动图像难以配准的问题，得到更加稳定的凝视视频效果，应用吉林一号卫星星座采集的两组卫星数据进行验证实验，最终稳像的误差能够控制在0.9个像素以内。

关键词: 海上凝视观测, 全局前景视频稳像, 多目标优化方法, 无特征点稳像, 高斯误差模型

Abstract: Satellite video stabilization is the prerequisite and basis for realizing high-precision satellite video applications.Due to the insufficient accuracy of satellite pointing attitude and the insufficient stability of platform attitude，image alignment technology is usually implemented to achieve the video gaze effect; however，when observing the sea targets，there is no control point calibration and feature point-based alignment cannot be carried out between frames，the staring video camera has the problem of repeated jumping of the targets on the image plane during observation.In this paper，a global foreground video stabilization （GFVS）method is proposed based on multi-target ship detection at sea.A Gaussian error model is constructed，and the image plane is corrected with the deviation between the optimized position and the original position，and finally the stabilized video is synthesized.The experimental results show that the method in this paper can effectively solve the problem of difficult alignment of dithered images when the control points at sea are insufficient，and get more stable video effects，the error of the stabilization can be controlled within 0.9 pixels by applying two datasets collected by the Jilin-1 satellite constellation.

Key words: maritime gaze observation, global foreground video stabilization, multi-objective optimization methods, stabilize images without feature points, Gaussian error model