中国空间科学技术

中国空间科学技术 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (2): 140-149.doi: 10.16708/j.cnki.1000-758X.2025.0032

• 论文 • 上一篇    

基于侧摆角约束的低轨光学卫星成像概率分析

王中果*   

  1. 中国空间技术研究院 遥感卫星总体部，北京100094
  • 收稿日期:2023-02-01 修回日期:2023-04-24 录用日期:2023-05-10 发布日期:2025-03-13 出版日期:2025-04-01

Imaging probability analysis of low-Earth-orbit optical satellite based on roll angle constraint

WANG Zhongguo*   

  1. Institute of Remote Sensing Satellite， China Academy of Space Technology， Beijing 100094， China
  • Received:2023-02-01 Revision received:2023-04-24 Accepted:2023-05-10 Online:2025-03-13 Published:2025-04-01

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摘要： 针对低轨光学卫星对地观测成像任务，研究了卫星姿态侧摆情况下对地球表面点目标的成像概率分布情况。首先，解析分析了成像概率密度函数与侧摆角的数学理论关系，并在此基础上给出了侧摆角区间内成像概率的通用公式；然后，对400km、500km、600km、700km、800km等5种轨道高度和30°、45°、60°等3种最大侧摆角，共15种组合工况的成像概率进行了理论分析和STK仿真分析；最后，对比分析了理论结果和仿真结果。数据对比结果表明，该理论分析公式准确性较高，绝大多数情况相对误差不超过2%，可用于低轨光学卫星成像概率的快速估算，有效降低卫星多方案对比分析论证时的工作量。

关键词: 低轨光学卫星, 对地观测, 侧摆角约束, 成像概率密度, 成像概率

Abstract: Aiming at the Earth observation and imaging task of low-Earth-orbit optical satellite， the imaging probability distribution of the Earth surface target under the condition of satellite rolling attitude is studied. Firstly， the mathematical relationship between the imaging probability density function and the roll angle is analyzed analytically， and on this basis， the general formula of imaging probability in the roll angle range is given. Then， theoretical analysis and STK simulation analysis are carried out on the imaging probability of 15 combinations for five orbit altitude of 400km， 500km， 600km， 700km and 800km and three maximum roll angles of 30°， 45° and 60°. Finally， the theoretical results and simulation results are compared and analyzed. The results of data comparison show that the theoretical analysis formula has high accuracy with a relative error of no more than 2% in most cases. It can be used for rapid estimation of imaging probability， effectively reducing the workload of satellite multi-scheme comparison and analysis.

Key words:  , low-Earth-orbit optical satellite, earth observation, roll angle constraint, imaging probability density, imaging probability