Abstract: In the field of mass production of low-orbit large-scale satellite, the traditional document-based systems design method exists many problems such as insufficient systematization, low iteration efficiency, and difficulties in batch testing. This study aims to construct a kind of agile design method of satellite system based on model-based systems engineering (MBSE) to achieve efficient iteration and batch verification of design process, and short the development requirements cycle of large-scale constellations. This paper gives a technical path combining a multi-level model reuse architecture and an incremental development model. Firstly, a three-level model system (system level-subsystem level-unit level) is constructed. Through the multi-level reuse mechanism of the meta-model library, unit library and architecture library, the design experience is solidified by model. Secondly, an incremental development mode based on use cases is proposed. The requirement changes are mapped to scenario iterations, and requirements are dynamically transferred to indices through SysML models. Finally, a batch testing design method based on system verification models is established, and the traceability matrix between test cases and requirements is constructed to achieve full-link closed-loop verification of design and testing. This research takes the mass production project of optical remote sensing satellites as a case. Through the model iterative of input parameters, the trade-off of subsystem schemes and the verification of mission requirements, the method is verified by engineering case. The application verification shows that the design efficiency is improved by approximately 80%. The MBSE agile design method proposed in this study realizes the digital inheritance of design experience by the model reuse mechanism, solves the problem of efficient response of requirement changes by the incremental development mode based on use cases, and improves the batch verification capability of large-scale constellations by the closed-loop mechanism of test. This research results provide a scalable technical framework for the digital transformation of satellite system engineering and expand the application depth of models in the entire life cycle of satellite mass production.

Key words: MBSE, large-scale constellations, satellite system, agile design, systems engineering