中国空间科学技术

中国空间科学技术 ›› 2024, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (4): 59-70.doi: 10.16708/j.cnki.1000-758X.2024.0058

• 智能航天器专栏 • 上一篇    下一篇

柔翼结构飞行器智能控制系统关键技术与途径

贾贺，刘靖雷，马可瑶，闫云龙，裴晓燕，刘海烨，王永滨   

  1. 1.南京航空航天大学 航空学院，南京210016
    2.北京空间机电研究所，北京100094
    3.中国航天科技集团有限公司 航天进入减速与着陆技术实验室，北京100094
  • 出版日期:2024-08-25 发布日期:2024-07-26

Key technologies and approaches of intelligent control system for flexible wing structure aircraft

JIA He，LIU Jinglei，MA Keyao，YAN Yunlong，PEI Xiaoyan，LIU Haiye，WANG Yongbin   

  1. 1.Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics，Nanjing 210016，China
    2.Beijing Institute of Space Mechanics ＆ Electricity，Beijing 100094，China
    3.Laboratory of Aerospace Entry，Descent and Landing Technology，CASC，Beijing 100094，China
  • Published:2024-08-25 Online:2024-07-26

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摘要： 柔翼结构飞行器具有轻质、空间集成、重复使用、有较大的阻力面积和升力系数等优点，可实现巡航飞行、低速驻空、再入返回、气动减速、定点归航、着陆缓冲等功能，是当前的研究热点。智能控制系统是柔翼结构飞行器飞航与回收着陆系统的核心技术之一，结合智能技术在控制系统中的应用研究与工程实践，对柔翼结构飞行器智能控制系统及其技术特征进行了分析；介绍了刚-柔组合体一体化控制与仿真、环境感知与健康状态在线评估、航迹规划与跟踪飞行控制、集群飞行控制、着陆与缓冲智能控制、智能硬件容错与重构等关键技术。对柔翼结构飞行器智能控制系统的未来发展进行了思考，提出了飞行环境的智能及柔性感知、气动参数的在线识别、多任务模式自主执行及控制系统的演进学习等发展建议，通过对智能控制技术持续不断地研究与实践，为柔翼结构飞行器系统的研制提供强有力的支撑。

关键词: 柔翼结构, 飞行器, 智能控制, 关键技术, 感知-演化-决策-执行

Abstract: With the advantages of lightweight，space integration，re-usability，large drag area and lift coefficient，the flexible wing structure aircraft can achieve functions such as cruise flight，low-speed hovering，re-entry and return，aerodynamic deceleration，fixed point homing and landing buffering，which is currently a research hot spot.Intelligent control system is one of the core technologies of the flight and recovery system of flexible wing structure aircraft.Combined with the application research and engineering practice of intelligent technology in the control system，the intelligent control system and its technical characteristics of the flexible wing structure aircraft are analyzed.The key technologies such as integrated control and simulation of rigid-flexible combination，environmental perception and online health status assessment，trajectory planning and tracking control，cluster flight control，intelligent control of landing and buffering，fault tolerance and reconstruction of intelligent hardware are introduced.The future development of the intelligent control system of flexible wing structure aircraft is considered.Some development suggestions are put forward，such as intelligent and flexible perception of flight environment，online identification of aerodynamic parameters，autonomous execution of multi-task mode and evolutionary learning of the control system.Through continuous research and practice of intelligent control technology，strong support is provided for the development of flexible wing structure aircraft system.

Key words: flexible wing structure, aircraft, intelligent control, key technologies, observation-evolution-decision-action