中国空间科学技术

中国空间科学技术 ›› 2018, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (5): 72-80.doi: 10.16708/j.cnki.1000-758X.2018.0050

• 技术交流 • 上一篇    下一篇

微阴极电弧推力器磁路设计

耿金越1,2，*，周思齐3，夏广庆3，陈君1,2，沈岩1,2   

  1. 1北京控制工程研究所，北京100190
    2北京市高效能及绿色宇航推进工程技术研究中心，北京100190
    3大连理工大学 工业装备结构分析国家重点实验室，大连116024
  • 收稿日期:2018-03-12 修回日期:2018-04-25 出版日期:2018-10-25 发布日期:2018-08-29
  • 作者简介:耿金越（1986-），男，工程师，jinyuegeng@163com，研究方向为电推进技术
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目（11702021, 11675040）

Magnetic circuit design for micro cathode arc thrusters

GENG Jinyue1,2,*，ZHOU Siqi 3，XIA Guangqing 3，CHEN Jun 1,2，SHEN Yan 1,2   

  1. 1Beijing Institute of Control Engineering, Beijing 100190, China
    2Beijing Engineering Research Center of Efficient and Green Aerospace Propulsion Technology,Beijing 100190, China
    3State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
  • Received:2018-03-12 Revised:2018-04-25 Published:2018-10-25 Online:2018-08-29

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摘要： 微阴极电弧推力器是一种利用真空条件下放电电弧烧蚀阴极材料产生较高电离度的高速等离子体，并在外加磁场作用下喷出以产生推力的微型电推力器。微阴极电弧推力器磁场设计是推力器设计中的重要工作之一，将影响推力器工作稳定性和工作性能。分别采用多匝通电螺线管计算公式、二维和三维数值仿真完成磁路设计，磁感应强度随线圈电流和线圈匝数增加而变大；当线圈电流15A、线圈匝数为600匝时，放电通道中心线磁感应强度最大值超过0.3T；采用特斯拉计测量磁感应强度，仿真结果与测量结果吻合较好。最后采用时间飞行法（TOF）测得等离子体速度随磁场增强而增加。

关键词: 电推进, 微阴极电弧推力器, 磁路设计, 真空电弧, TOF方法

Abstract: The microcathode arc thruster is one of the microelectric thrusters, which uses the vacuum arc to erode the cathode material and produce highly ionized high speed plasma, then pull out under the applied magnetic field to generate the thrust. The magnetic circuit design is the important work in the thruster design, it will affect the stability and the performance of the thruster. The multiturn solenoid calculation formula, 2D and 3D simulations were conducted in the magnetic circuit design, and the magnetic field strength increases with the increasing of coil current and coil turns. When the coil current is 15A and the coil has 600 turns, the maximum magnetic field strength along the discharge channel center line is more than 0.3T. The simulation results are in good agreement with the measured results by the Tesla meter. Finally, the timeofflight (TOF) method was used to measure the plasma velocity, it increases with the enhancement of magnetic field strength.

Key words: electric propulsion, microcathode arc thruster, magnetic circuit design, vacuum arc, TOF method