中国空间科学技术

中国空间科学技术 ›› 2018, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (5): 17-29.doi: 10.16708/j.cnki.1000-758X.2018.0052

• 研究探讨 • 上一篇    下一篇

霍尔推力器分割高偏压电极等离子体放电特性

李文庆，段萍，胡翔，宋继磊，边兴宇，陈龙   

  1. 大连海事大学 理学院物理系，大连116026
  • 收稿日期:2018-02-27 修回日期:2018-07-20 出版日期:2018-10-25 发布日期:2018-08-29
  • 作者简介:李文庆（1993-），男，硕士研究生，378186144@qqcom, 研究方向为霍尔推进数值模拟
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金(11275034，11605021，11375039);辽宁省自然科学基金（201601074）;中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金（3132017070）

Plasma discharge characteristics of wall segmentation with high biased electrode in Hall thruster

LI  Wenqing, DUAN  Ping, HU  Xiang, SONG  Jilei, BIAN  Xingyu, CHEN  Long   

  1. Department of Physics, College of Science, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China
  • Received:2018-02-27 Revised:2018-07-20 Published:2018-10-25 Online:2018-08-29

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摘要： 霍尔推力器通道等离子体与壁面有很强的相互作用，为了降低壁面腐蚀，提高在轨寿命, 针对推力器全通道放电过程建立二维物理模型，采用粒子模拟方法（ParticleInCell），数值研究了电离区壁面分割高于阳极偏压的低发射石墨电极对推力器放电特性的影响，讨论了放电通道电势、离子数密度、电子温度、电离速率及比冲的变化规律。结果表明：在电离区不同位置分割高偏压电极对等离子体放电特性影响明显，电极位置在电离区前端时，电极偏压高于阳极电压60V时通道内放电等离子体参数几乎不变。而电极位置在电离区末端，电极偏压高于阳极电压18V时就会导致加速区轴向扩张，离子聚焦效果强，电子温度显著升高，电子与壁面相互作用减弱，羽流发散角减小。由此推力器比冲提升约12%，寿命延长，性能提高。

关键词: 霍尔推力器, 分割电极, 电极偏压, 粒子模拟, 壁面材料

Abstract: Hall thruster plasma has strong interactions with the channel wall. In order to reduce the surface corrosion and enhance the lifetime, a twodimensional physical model was established based on the discharge process of Hall thruster, and a Particleincell (PIC) simulation method was applied to study the influences of segmented low emissive graphite electrodes on discharge characteristics of the Hall thruster channel. The influences of biased segmented electrode arranged in the ionization region on electric potential, ion number density, electron temperature, ionization rate, discharge current and impulse were discussed. The results show that segmentation of high biased electrodes at different positions in the ionization region has obvious influences on the plasma discharge characteristics. When the electrode position is in the front ionization region and the electrode bias voltage is 60V higher than the anode, the plasma parameters of discharge channel are almost unchanged. When the electrode is at the end of the ionization region, and the electrode bias voltage is 18V higher than the anode, the accelerating region expands axially, the ion velocity vectors are more focused, the electron temperature increases significantly which decreases the interaction between electrons and wall, and the divergence angle of the plume also reduces. The thruster specific impulse increases about 12%, the performance and lifetime of the thruster are improved.

Key words: Hall thruster, segmented electrode, electrode bias, particleincell, wall material