中国空间科学技术

中国空间科学技术 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (4): 72-81.doi: 10.16708/j.cnki.1000-758X.2026.0060

• 庆祝王希季院士105岁寿辰特别专题 • 上一篇    下一篇

高集成度微波能量发射阵列设计与验证

王颖，董士伟*   

  1. 中国空间技术研究院西安分院，西安710100
  • 收稿日期:2026-04-08 修回日期:2026-05-27 录用日期:2026-06-08 发布日期:2026-07-16 出版日期:2026-07-31

Design and validation of highly integrated microwave power transmitting array for space solar power station

WANG Ying，DONG Shiwei*   

  1. China Academy of Space Technology (Xi'an)，Xi'an 710100，China
  • Received:2026-04-08 Revision received:2026-05-27 Accepted:2026-06-08 Online:2026-07-16 Published:2026-07-31

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摘要： 星地微波无线能量传输是空间太阳能电站的关键环节之一，微波能量发射阵列完成直流到微波能量的转换、微波能量发射以及微波能量波束的指向控制。作为星上载荷设备，空间太阳能电站微波能量发射阵列对轻量化和高集成度有较高要求，针对应用需求开展了轻量化微波无线能量发射阵列样机设计研究，基于机电热一体化优化设计理念，将天线结构、热控、集成电路及电缆等关键组件进行集成化设计，形成了一个集支撑保护、热控、电磁性能、电源管理等多种功能于一体的综合结构体系。设计实现了空间微波无线能量传输发射阵列样机，并开展了试验验证。基于机电热一体化优化设计研制的样机口径尺寸为1m×1m，实测面密度为19.9kg/m2，发射功率密度874.9W/m2，波束指向精度0.102°。结果表明，在确保波束性能稳定的前提下，显著提升了微波能量发射阵列集成度，并大幅降低能量发射阵列面密度指标。样机的成功研制提高了微波无线能量发射阵列的技术成熟度，为微波无线能量传输星地在轨试验以及未来空间太阳能电站的建设提供了技术支撑。

关键词: 空间太阳能电站, 微波能量传输, 发射阵列, 高集成度, 一体化设计

Abstract: Space-to-ground microwave wireless power transmission is a critical enabling technology for space solar power satellites (SSPS). The microwave power transmitting array on the satellite converts DC power to microwave power, transmits the power toward the ground, and steers the beam with high precision. As critical onboard payloads for SSPS, these arrays demand strict lightweight design and high integration. A lightweight prototype using electromechanical-thermal co-optimization was designed and fabricated. The antenna structure, thermal control subsystem, integrated circuits, and cabling, were co-designed integrated into one unified structural system. This system delivers structural support, thermal management, electromagnetic radiation, and power distribution. A prototype with dimensions of 1m × 1m was developed and comprehensive experimental validation was conducted. Measured results show 19.9kg/m2 areal density, 874.9W/m2 power density, and 0.102° precise beam pointing accuracy. These results demonstrate that the co-optimization approach significantly improves array integration and reduces areal density while maintaining reliable and stable beam performance. The prototype advances the technology readiness level of microwave power transmitting arrays and provides solid and practical technical support for real future in-orbit demonstrations and SSPS construction.

Key words: space solar power satellite（SSPS）, microwave power transmission, transmitting array, highly integration, integrated design