中国空间科学技术

中国空间科学技术 ›› 2017, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (6): 82-.doi: 10.16708/j.cnki.1000-758X.2017.0060

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北斗首颗备份卫星性能初步分析

 刘萧, 赵鹤, 赵龙   

  1. 1北京航空航天大学自动化科学与电气工程学院，北京100191
    2北京卫星导航中心，北京100094
  • 收稿日期:2017-02-17 修回日期:2017-03-06 出版日期:2017-12-25 发布日期:2017-06-29

PreliminaryperformanceanalysisofthefirstbackupsatelliteofBeiDouNavigationSatelliteSystem

 LIU  Xiao, ZHAO  He, ZHAO  Long   

  1. 1SchoolofAutomationScienceandElectricalEngineering,BeihangUniversity，Beijing100191,China
    2BeijingSatelliteNavigationCenter，Beijing100094，China
  • Received:2017-02-17 Revised:2017-03-06 Published:2017-12-25 Online:2017-06-29

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1038

摘要： 主要从卫星钟差预报、轨道测定精度、伪距波动情况等角度分析了I6卫星与北斗卫星导航系统（BDS）其他现役倾斜地球同步轨道（IGSO）卫星的异同，并从位置精度因子（PDOP）和格网可用性评估了I6卫星入网对BDS的贡献。利用星地双向时频传递设备观测的星地钟差数据，评估了I6卫星星载原子钟的预报性能，结果表明，I6卫星发播的卫星钟参数外推5h预报误差的均方根误差（RMS）为232ns，外推1h预报误差的RMS为073ns，与现役IGSO卫星钟差预报水平相当；对多星联合精密定轨结果分析表明，与北斗现役I3卫星相比，姿态控制方式优化后的I6卫星在地影期间的轨道精度并未发生明显衰减，克服了现有北斗二号卫星在地影期间轨道精度下降，从而影响北斗服务的连续性、可用性问题；利用大口径抛物面天线采集到的数据对I6卫星的伪距波动进行了分析，结果表明I6卫星单个观测弧段内其伪距波动峰峰差约为1m，与其他IGSO卫星一致；进行PDOP仿真计算，结果表明I6卫星的加入使得喀什地区的PDOP最大值由1282下降为726，PDOP大于6的时段所占百分比由2911%下降为1721%；对格网电离层产品实施解算，结果表明I6卫星的加入使得6个电离层格网点的可用度提升至95%以上。

关键词: 北斗卫星导航系统, 备份卫星, 定轨, 伪距波动, 电离层格网

Abstract: TofurtherenhancethecapabilityofBeiDouNavigationSatelliteSystem(BDS)to providecontinuousandefficientservice,thefirstbackupsatelliteI6waslaunchedinMarch2016.ThedifferencesandsimilaritiesbetweenI6andotherIGSOsatelliteswereanalyzed,fromtheperspectiveofsatelliteclockprediction,orbitdeterminationaccuracyandpseudorangevariation.ThecontributionofI6toBDSwasevaluatedbyPDOPvaluesandgridavailability.Thesatelliteclockmeasurementsobtainedbytwowaysatellitetimefrequencytransfer(TWSTFT)systemwereusedtoevaluateclockpredictionerrorofI6.Theresultsshowthatfor5hourprediction,clockerrorofI6is232nsintermsofrootmeansquare(RMS)andtheextrapolatedonehourpredictionerroris073ns(RMS).ComparedwithotherIGSOsatellitesclock,theerrorforecastlevelofI6isequivalent.TheorbitdeterminationaccuracyofI6optimizedbytheattitudecontrolmethodisnotdegradedobviouslycomparedwiththeI3ofBDSwhentheSunisclosetotheI6′sorbitplane,whichovercomesthedecreaseoftheorbitaccuracyoftheexistingBDSsatellitesduringtheshadow.ThepseudorangevariationoftheI6satellitewasanalyzedusingthedatacollectedbythelargeapertureparabolicantenna.Theresultsshowthatthepeaktopeakdifferenceofthepseudorangevariationisabout1minthesingleobservationarcofI6satellite.ItisconsistentwithotherIGSOsatellites.I6isinthehotstandbymodeofoperation,providingserviceswiththeoriginalBeiDousatellitesafterMay2016,changingtheBDSconstellationcomposition.TheresultsofPDOPsimulationshowthatthemaximumPDOPofKaShiisdecreasedfrom1282to726,andthepercentageofPDOPgreaterthan6isdecreasedfrom2911%to1721%.TheresultsshowthatI6increasestheavailabilityofsixionosphericgridpoints.

Key words: BeiDouNavigationSatelliteSystem, backupsatellite, orbitdetermination, pseudorangevariation；ionosphericgrid