Abstract: Deimos is one of the two natural satellites of Mars, and researchers used Mars probes to observe Deimos and did research on topography and geomorphology of Deimos. In this paper, the basic information and the origin hypotheses of Deimos are described, and then a detailed description for each observation activity is made one by one, finally the research results about Deimos are analyzed. The conclusions show that there are craters, regolith, bright albedo markings and blocks on Deimos surface and the surface matter has downslope movement. According to the situation that there is not enough exploration about Deimos, some advices for future exploration are given.

Key words: Deimos, origin hypothesis, topography, geomorphology, craters, regolith