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25 June 2017, Volume 37 Issue 3 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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XPNAV-1Satellitetimingdataanalysisandpulseprofilerecovery HUANG Liang-Wei, SHUAI Ping, ZHANG Xin-Yuan, CHEN Shao-Long, XU Li-Hong, YANG Zhe, DENG Lou-Lou, CHEN Jian-Wu, SHI Yong-Qiang, XUE Li-Jun, DING Qiang-Qiang, WU Yao-Jun, BEI Xiao-Min, MENG Jing, LIN Qing-Qing, CHEN Qiang, ZHANG Qian, ZHANG Heng-Bin 2017, 37 (2):  1-10.  doi: 10.16708/j.cnki.1000-758X.2017.0051 Abstract ( 1413 )   PDF (6856KB) ( 2202 )   Save XPNAV-1isthefirstsatelliteofChinadesignedfortheon-orbitdemonstrationoftheX-raypulsarnavigationtechnology.TheX-raytimingdataanalysismethodwasdiscussed,andthepulseprofileusingtheobservationdatawasrecoveredtoverifythecapabilityofobservingpulsarsinspace.ThescientificmissionoverviewofXPNAV-1wasdescribed.Thephotontimingdataprocessingstepsweredesigned,andtheX-raytimingdelaymodelwasconstructed.Basedontheproposedmodel,theobservedphotonarrivaltimesoftheCrabpulsarwerecorrectedtotheinertialreferencepoint,andthenthepulseprofilewasrecoveredthroughtheepochfoldingtechnology.TherecoveredprofileshowsthatthetwopeakstructurestandsfortheCrab′sradiationshape，provingthatCrabissuccessfullyobservedbytheX-raydetectorofChina. Related Articles | Metrics

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MicrowavepowertransmissiondemonstrationsystemdesignforSpaceSolarPowerStation DONG Ya-Zhou, DONG Shi-Wei, WANG Ying, FU Wen-Li, LI Xiao-Jun, GAO Shi-Chang, WEI Gao 2017, 37 (2):  11-18.  doi: 10.16708/j.cnki.1000-758X.2017.0026 Abstract ( 1266 )   PDF (9876KB) ( 1229 )   Save Microwavepowertransmission（MPT）isoneofthekeytechnologiesinSpaceSolarPowerStation（SSPS）.Thestate-of-the-artresearchesandvalidationsonlyfocusonindividualtechnologybutlackofcomprehensiveoptimizationforSSPSsystem.AccordingtotheoperatingmodeofSSPS，ademonstrationsystemwasproposedtovalidatemicrowavepowertransmissioninSSPS.ThetransmittingantennaarrayandrectennaarrayweredesignedbyusingintegratedprocessingwithapproximateGaussianfielddistributionintransmittingantennaarrayandlowreflectiondesigninrectennaarray.Thebeamcontrolmethodinthesystemwasbasedondirectionofarrivalestimationbysendingpilotsignalandbeamsynthesisbycontrollingthephaseshiftersinthetransmittingantennaarray.Theanalyzedbeamcollectingefficiencyofdemonstrationsystemis94.2%，about17.6%higherthanthetraditionaluniformdistributionsystem.ThedemonstrationsystemcomprehensivelysimulatestheMPTofSSPSinseveralways，includingsystemscaleminification，transmittingantennafielddistribution，etc，powerdensityandbeamcontrollinganditcanbethepromotionofSSPSdevelopment. Related Articles | Metrics

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Designandtestofmicrowavepowertransmissionsystem WANG Ying, WEI Gao, DONG Ya-Zhou, DONG Shi-Wei, FU Wen-Li, LI Xiao-Jun, RAN Li-Xin 2017, 37 (2):  19-27.  doi: 10.16708/j.cnki.1000-758X.2017.0028 Abstract ( 1355 )   PDF (3577KB) ( 2668 )   Save MicrowavepowertransmissionservedasthecoretechnologyoftheSpaceSolarPowerSatellite（SSPS）wasstudied.Therectifyingsurfacewasresearchedbasedontheconceptofperfectlymatchedlayertosolvetheproblemthatbeamcollectionefficiencywoulddeclinewithdistanceawayfromtransmittingantennabecauseofthespreadofbeam，bychangingperfectlymatchedlayerstructureconjugatematchbetweenantennaoutputimpedanceandrectifiercircuitinputimpedance.Therectifyingsurfaceexhibitsastrongrestraintohighorderharmonics，withouttheneedofRFfilterwhichisanimportantelementforthetraditionalrectenna，sothecircuitstructureissimpleandhighconversionefficiencyenergycanberealized.Andundertheproposedlimitforthecenter-of-beampowerdensitytoassureenvironmentalhealthandsafetyformicrowavetransmission，anexperimentalsystemwithsolidpoweramplifierat5.8GHzwasconstructedandtested，andthemaximumconversionefficiencyis57.7%.TheexperimentresultsshowthatthedesignedmicrowavepowertransmissionsystemisbenefitforgrounddemonstrationtestinginminiatureversionandbuildingofSSPSinfuture. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effectofspacechargeonsurface-breakdownbehaviorofpolytetrafluoroethylene WANG Fei-Peng, ZHANG Tao, WEN Gang, FAN Fan, LI Jian, CUI Wan-Zhao 2017, 37 (2):  28-34.  doi: 10.16708/j.cnki.1000-758X.2017.0001 Abstract ( 1373 )   PDF (4305KB) ( 2268 )   Save Owingtothelowconductivity,polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)tendstoaccumulatesurface-chargewhichiscausedbyvariousfactors，eg.friction,spacechargecarriers,cosmicrays,etc.Additionally,thedecayofsurface-chargetakeslongtime.Itiscertainlysignificativetoinvestigatetheroleofsurfacechargeoninfluencingthesurface-breakdownbehavior.ThisworkendowsPTFEsamplefilmswithvariablesurface-chargedensitybyneedle-platecorona-chargingelectrodes.NegativeDCsurfacebreakdownvoltagewasthenmeasuredonallsamplesatatmosphericpressureandinvacuum.Experimentalresultsshowthatthesurfacechargedensityistailorablebyneedlevoltages;however,thenegativecoronaaccumulatessurfacechargefasterthanthepositivecorona.ThepositivesurfacechargebenefitstoreducenegativeDCsurfacebreakdownvoltage,whilenegativesurfacechargeslightlyleadstoanoppositeway,ie.enhancingthesurfacebreakdownvoltageforacertainextent.Additionally,theinfluenceofspacechargeonthebreakdownvoltageinvacuumisweakerthanthatatatmosphericpressure. Related Articles | Metrics

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Missionschedulingformultiplespacecraftrefuelingbasedonspacefuelstationincircularorbits ZHU Xiao-Yu, QIAO Bing, ZHANG Qing-Zhan, JIN Yong-Qiang, TAN Ying-Long 2017, 37 (2):  35-43.  doi: 10.16708/j.cnki.1000-758X.2017.0067 Abstract ( 1331 )   PDF (7814KB) ( 1025 )   Save Asthedevelopmentofspacetechnology，thedemandforspacetransportationsystembecomeslargerandmorevarious，on-orbitrefuelinghasbeenanewandindependentdevelopingdirectioninordertoreducethelaunchcosts，mitigatespacedebrisandimprovethepayloadoflaunchvehicle.Thedevelopmentofmethodologieswasfocusedtogenerateoptimaltrajectoriesandschedulesforrefuelingconstellationsofrefuelingspacecraft.Anon-orbitreusablerefuelingpolicyanditsmissionschedulingformultiplespacecraftincircularthroughaspacefuelstationwerepresented.Inordertoestablishtheschedulingmodelfortheon-orbitrefuelingofmultiplecircularspacecraftorbitthroughaspacefuelstation，therelationshipbetweenthevelocitychangeandorbitalelementsfortransferringofservicespacecraftwasfirstlyobtainedbasedontheanalysisoftheproblemoftwoimpulsesorbitalmaneuver.Amulti-objectiveoptimizationmodelformissionschedulingofon-orbitrefuelingformultiplespacecraftincircularorbitswasdevelopedtooptimizeboththesequenceandtimedistributionoftherefuelingmission，andaspecificaldesignalgorithmwasemployedtosearchthesolutionstothemulti-objectiveoptimizationproblem.Toverifytheeffectivenessoftheproposedschedulingalgorithm，acomputersimulationthataimsatschedulingamissionofon-orbitrefuelingfor30spacecraftincircularorbitswasconducted. Related Articles | Metrics

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CorrectionfortransientthermalanalysismodelofCarbonDioxidedetector Li-Qiang, CHEN Li-Heng 2017, 37 (2):  44-52.  doi: 10.16708/j.cnki.1000-758X.2017.0004 Abstract ( 1304 )   PDF (7908KB) ( 915 )   Save InordertoaccuratelypredicttheonorbittemperatureoftheTan-Satloading，theresearchfortransientthermalanalysismodelcorrectionundertestconditionswaspresented.Comparedtheresultsbetweenthermalanalysiscalculationandthermalbalancetest，temperaturedifferencesofthetemperaturemonitorswereconfirmed.ParametricsensitivityanalysisofcarbondioxidedetectorthermalanalysismodelwascompletedbytheMonteCarlomethod，andmodelparametersweredividedintoglobalsensitive，localsensitiveandinsensitiveparameters.Accordingtothedataofthermalbalancedtest，theLatinhypercubesamplingandsimplexmixedmethodswereappliedtocorrectmodelparametersbytheclassificationlayerbylayer，andtheoptimalvalueswerecalculated.Thesevaluesweretakenintothethermalanalysismodeltoverifytheaccuracyofthecorrectionmethodandanalyzetheresidualerror.Correctionresultsshowthatthecorrectedtemperaturedifferenceδaislessthan±0.5℃forallthetemperaturemonitors，theresidualerrorcorrectionratesθaregreaterthan80%，whilemosttemperaturedifferencesreduceanorderofmagnitudeaftercorrection.Theseresultsillustratethecorrectioniseffectiveandthemethodisreasonableandfeasible. Related Articles | Metrics

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Designofadaptiveretransmittedfiledeliveryprotocolinspacecommunication WANG Yang, YANG Hong, CHEN Xiao-Guang, CHEN Song 2017, 37 (2):  53-61.  doi: 10.16708/j.cnki.1000-758X.2017.0042 Abstract ( 1804 )   PDF (8672KB) ( 995 )   Save CCSDSfiledeliveryprotocol（CFDP）wasimprovedbydoubleretransmissionmechanismorsettingtheretransmittedtimesinviewofbiterrorrate（BER）.However，withoutconsideringtheimpactofthenumberofprotocoldataunits（PDUs），packeterrorrate（PER）andtheratiooflinkpropagationdelaytoPDUtransmissiondelay，theseschemesarenotthemostappropriateinspecificspacemissionsunderdifferentchannelconditions.  BasedonCFDP，anewfiledeliveryprotocoladjustingtheretransmittedtimesoflostPDUsadaptively（AR-FDP）wasproposedinspacecommunication.ThetheoreticalmodelsoffiledeliverytimeandextratransmissioneffortofAR-FDPwereestablished.Also，theeffectsofretransmittedtimesonthenumberofretransmissionroundsandthenumberofretransmittedpacketswereanalyzedandtheschemeoftheadaptivecontrolmodulewaspresented.ThetheoreticalanalysisandsimulationresultsindicatethattheAR-FDPshortensthefiledeliverytimeby55.69%and74.28%comparedtothedoubleretransmissionschemeandCFDPrespectivelyinMars-to-EarthcommunicationwithPDUnumberof1kandPERof0.79.InMoon-to-Earthcommunication，theAR-FDPshortensthefiledeliverytimeby28.05%comparedtotheschemeadjustingtheretransmittedtimesinviewofBERwithPDUnumberof100kandPERof0.79. Related Articles | Metrics

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Studyonaerospaceembeddedsoftwaredataracebenchmark CHEN Rui, YANG Meng-Fei 2017, 37 (2):  62-70.  doi: 10.16708/j.cnki.1000-758X.2017.0052 Abstract ( 1396 )   PDF (1631KB) ( 1091 )   Save Nogoodbenchmarksuitewasmadetoevaluatethedetectionmethodsortoolsfortheadventofinterruptdatarace.Basedontherealaerospaceembeddedsoftwaredataracebugs，sixessentialfactorsrelatedtodataracedetectionwereproposed，andthedataracebenchmarksuitenamedRaceBenchforaerospaceembeddedsoftwarewasdesigned.TheRaceBench，whichisclosetorealprogramsandisextensible，coversallsixfactors.TheRaceBenchwasusedtoevaluateadataracedetectiontoolnamedSpaceDRC.TheresultshowsthatRaceBenchcanevaluatethecapabilitiesofthetooleffectively. Related Articles | Metrics

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Researchondeterminingmethodsofobservedstellarinon-boardradiometriccalibration ZHANG Wan-Ying, WANG Tao, CHEN Fan-Sheng 2017, 37 (2):  71-76.  doi: 10.16708/j.cnki.1000-758X.2017.0021 Abstract ( 1438 )   PDF (1707KB) ( 1100 )   Save Theon-boardradiantcalibrationmethodsbasedonobservedstellarhasbecomeoneofthemaincalibrationmethodsofinfraredcamerainrecentyears.Thekeyofthemethodistodeterminetheobservedstellarandtheirradianceinthecamera′sdetectionband.Inordertostudytheirradianceindifferentbands,firstofall,themathematicmodelofstellarirradiancewasbuiltasapointsource.ThentheTaylorseriesandgeneticalgorithm(GA)wasusedtocalculatethestellartemperatureTandtheirradianceofstellarbasedondifferentirradianceinseveralbandsofstellarinWISEcatalogwasextrapolated.Asaresult,theproportionofthestellarwhoseextrapolationaccuracy<3%is68.34%,whichsatisfiestheproject′srequirements.Finallythespectrumfeatureofthecalibrationstellarwasananlyzedindifferentaccuracytovalidatethemethods. Related Articles | Metrics

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DesignofsteppermotorcontrolcircuitforsatellitebasedonFPGA LIN Fang, WANG Yu, FU Yi-Bin, LU Fan, CHANG Zhen, QIU Xiao-Han 2017, 37 (2):  77-85.  doi: 10.16708/j.cnki.1000-758X.2017.0022 Abstract ( 2158 )   PDF (2150KB) ( 1343 )   Save Adesignofacircuitcontrollingsteppermotorsinawiderangeofmomentforspecialcharacteristicsoflongin-orbitoperationandthedifficultytoreplaceinspaceequipmentswasproposed.ThisdesignutilizesFPGA,XilinxchipXC3S400-208,asthecorecontrolchipandLMD18200asthedrivingchipofsteppermotors.Onthebasisofadescriptionofthecircuit,theproblemoftheincreaseofresistancemomentandthesolutionsofoutputmomentadjustmentinspaceequipmentsbyPWMcontrolandimpulsefrequencywerediscussed.Testsverifiedthatthedesign′smaximumvalueofoutputmomentinrangemakesmomentmarginreach4andtherangeofadjustingmatchestherequestsofspaceequipments. Related Articles | Metrics

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Simulationanalysisofplatformvibrationonimagequalityofsatellite-basedhigh-resolutionopticalsystem FAN Bin, YU Qi-Feng 2017, 37 (2):  86-92.  doi: 10.16708/j.cnki.1000-758X.2017.0056 Abstract ( 1173 )   PDF (5003KB) ( 2043 )   Save Duringtheimagingprogressofspacebasedhigh-resolutioncamera,theimagequalitywillbeaffectedbyinstabilityofsatelliteplatform.Aimedtothisproblem,mechanismofimagequalitydegradationduetoimagemotionwasfirstlyanalyzedandthendifferentsimulationmodelsforstaring,linearscanningandtimedelayandintegrationimagingmodeswerebroughtuptosimulateimagescausedbyimagemotion.Thehigh-resolutionremotesensorwasthentakenasthesimulationexampletoanalyzeimagequalityunderdifferentconditions.TheresultsshowthatmoreimagedegradationisbroughtbyvibrationforTDIimagingmodeandimagequalityismoresensitivetoplatformvibrationwithhigherresolution.Atlast，therelationbetweenspatialresolutionandplatformvibrationparameterswasbuiltandtolerancesofvibrationamplitudeweregivenaccordingtodegradationmodelandimagequalityevaluation，whichcanprovidereferencesforparametersofstabilizationdevices． Related Articles | Metrics

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DamagemechanismofthehighelectronmobilitytransistorinducedbyHPMfromdrainelectrode XUE Pei-Wen, FANG Jin-Yong, LI Zhi-Peng, SUN Jing 2017, 37 (2):  93-100.  doi: 10.16708/j.cnki.1000-758X.2017.0016 Abstract ( 1299 )   PDF (8576KB) ( 1287 )   Save Atwo-dimensionalelectro-thermalmodelofthetypicalHEMTwasestablishedbysimulationsoftwareSentaurus-TCAD.Mobilitydegradationinhighelectricfield,Avalanchegenerateeffectandself-heatingeffectwereconsidered,byanalyzingthedistributionsandvariationsoftheelectricfield,thecurrentdensityandthetemperature,adetailedinvestigationofthedamageeffectandmechanismofhighpowermicrowave(HPM)onAlGaAs/GaAspseudomorphichigh-electron-mobilitytransistor(pHEMT)undertheinjectionof14.9GHzequivalentvoltagesignalsfromthedrainelectrodewasperformed.Thesimulationresultssuggestthatintrinsicexcitation,avalanchebreakdown,thermalbreakdownallcontributetodamageprocess,thetemperaturebehavesasperiodic“increasing-decreasing-increasing”oscillationandthewholetrendcontinuouslyincreaseswithtimeanditdecreasesduringpositivehalfcycleandincreasesduringnegativecycle.Thegatecurrentdensityappearsdoublepeakphenomenonbecauseavalanchebreakdownandthermalexcitation.Heataccumulationoccursduringthenegativehalfcycleandbelowthegatenearthedrainsideismostsusceptibletoburnout.Meanwhile,thedrainterminalseriesresistancecanenhancethecapabilityofthedevicetowithstandmicrowavedamageeffectively. Related Articles | Metrics

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GNSSreceivertechniquesbasedonhighearthorbitspacecraft GAO Yang, WANG Meng, LIU Lei, CHE Huan, ZHANG Qian 2017, 37 (2):  101-109.  doi: 10.16708/j.cnki.1000-758X.2017.0015 Abstract ( 1284 )   PDF (7655KB) ( 1495 )   Save ThevisibilityofGlobalNavigationSatelliteSystem（GNSS）appliedinhigh-Earthorbitaltitudesdramaticallyreduces，whilespacesignalpowerlevelisweak,andfastsignalacquisitionandtrackingbecomesverydifficult.ForGNSSreceivertechniquesresearch，GNSSsignalscharacteristicsandavailabilitywereanalyzedinChina′sGEOSJ-17satellite.Antennapatternwasfromtheofficialrelease.Andforhigh-Earthorbitspacecraft′sGNSSweaksignalscharacteristics，GNSSreceiverusedlong-timeintegrationcombfiltermethodtoacquire，tookdifferentialcoherentbitsynchronizationmethodtotrackandusedextendedKalmanfilterorbitdeterminationbasedondynamics.Finally，hardware-in-the-looptestsshowthatGNSSreceiver′sacquisitionsensitivityisbetterthan-173dBW，trackingsensitivityisbetterthan-175dBW，thepositionaccuracyoforbitdeterminationisbetterthan50m，andthevelocityisbetterthan0.01m/s. Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysisoflong-perioddriftcharacteristicsfororbitconfigurationoftheTianqinMission WAN Xiao-Bo, ZHANG Xiao-Min, LI Ming 2017, 37 (2):  110-116.  doi: 10.16708/j.cnki.1000-758X.2017.0044 Abstract ( 1244 )   PDF (4278KB) ( 1713 )   Save InordertorealizethelongtermsteadydriftofTianqinMission′sorbitalconfigurationandmeetstabilityindex,initialoptimuminstantaneousorbitalelementsweresearchedbytheoptimizationalgorithm.Firstly，orbitaldynamicsmodelconsideringperturbationwassetup.Secondly,theorbitalconfigurationofequilateraltriangledriftedforlong-periodbytheorbitalelements′varietywasresearchedandtheorbitalelementsleadingtotheorbitalconfigurationofequilateraltriangledriftedinalongperiodweremadeasparameterstobeoptimized.Particleswarmintelligentoptimizationalgorithm（PSO）wasappliedtooptimizeparametersselectedforoptimization.Finally,thesimulationresultsshowthatthearmlengthchangeslessthan1500km，thebreathanglechangeslessthan1.5degreesandthevelocityofthearmlengthvarietychangeslessthan10m/sinnaturaldriftingoffouryearswithoutorbitalmaneuver.Theresultsmeettheinitialindicatorsoftheorbitalconfiguration. Related Articles | Metrics

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Simulationandanalysisofstereogeolocationaccuracyofspacecamerabywhiskbroomimaging XIA Zhong-Qiu, HUANG Qiao-Lin, HE Hong-Yan, YANG Yuan-Li, SUN Shi-Jun, YUE Chun-Yu 2017, 37 (2):  117-125.  doi: 10.16708/j.cnki.1000-758X.2017.0061 Abstract ( 1236 )   PDF (8097KB) ( 975 )   Save Toverifythefeasibilityofthegeolocationofspacecamerabythewhiskbroomimaging,thegeometricmodelofspacecamerabywhiskbroomimagingwasbuiltconcerningthechangeoftheimagescale,thewhiskanglemeasurementaccuracy,thewhiskanglestabilityandthewhiskangularvelocity,takingthefactorsofgeolocationaccuracyintheoveralldesignastheparameters.Thegeolocationaccuracyalgorithmbasedontheerrorpropagationtheorywasderived,thesimulationwascarriedoutandtheimprovingmethodwasputforward.Theresultsshowthatthegeolocationaccuracyofthelargewidthimageryissimilarbetweenthesmallerlinearlengthbythewhiskbroomimagingandthelongerlinearlengthbythepushbroomimaging.Improvingthewhiskanglemeasurementaccuracy,thewhiskanglestabilityandthetimesynchronizationaccuracycanimprovetheplanegeolocationaccuracy.Thesimulationmethodofthegeolocationaccuracyofspacecamerabywhiskbroomimagingisapplicabletotheindexassignmentofthelargewidthimageryoftheremotesensingsatellite. Related Articles | Metrics

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Researchonultra-lowspeedmeasurementforCMGgimbalbasedontracking-differentiator SU Nuo, LU Ming, ZHAI Bai-Chen, HU Yue-Wei 2017, 37 (2):  126-131.  doi: 10.16708/j.cnki.1000-758X.2017.0048 Abstract ( 973 )   PDF (5438KB) ( 1101 )   Save Atultra-lowspeed，theprecisionofgimbalspeedmeasurementisakeyfactorwhichinfluencesthecontrolaccuracyofacontrolmomentgyro（CMG）gimbalsystem.Focusingontheproblemofnoiseamplificationbroughtbyconventionalfirst-orderbackwarddifferentiatorwhencalculatingultra-lowspeed，areal-timespeedestimationmethodbasedonanonlineartrackingdifferentiatoranditsdiscretetimeexpressionusingthefourthorderRunge-Kuttamethodwasproposed.Acompositespeedmeasuringmethodwaspresentedtosolvethetrackingdelayproblemwhenusingtrackingdifferentiatorsdirectly.Then，thenumericalsimulationandexperimentwereconducted.Thesimulationresultsdemonstratethatthespeedestimationmethodproposedcouldreducethequantizationnoisesbroughtbytachometersandmeasurementnoises.Theexperimentalresultsshowthatbyusingtracking-differentiatorsthefluctuationofgimbalspeedisreducedby67.1%. Related Articles | Metrics